Experiments Are Revealing a Foundation Species: A Case Study of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
Figure 1
Distribution (grey shading indicating basal area in m2/ha) of Tsuga canadensis in northeastern North America; location of the Harvard Forest (star in regional map at lower left); and layout of the Harvard Forest Hemlock Removal Experiment. In the right-hand panel, the treatments applied to each 0.81-ha plot are as follows: He: unmanipulated hemlock control; Hw: unmanipulated hardwood control; G: bark and cambium of all hemlock seedlings, saplings, and trees girdled with chainsaws and knives; L: all merchantable hemlock (≥20 cm diameter at breast height [DBH]) and some merchantable hardwoods and white pines (Pinus strobus) cut and removed from the site.
