Review Article
Hepatitis B Virus Infection and the Kidney: Renal Abnormalities in HBV Patients, Antiviral Drugs Handling, and Specific Follow-Up
Table 1
International definition and stratification of kidney disease by the K/DOQI and the KDIGO.
| Stage | Description | GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
| Patients at increased risk | Risk factors for kidney disease (e.g., diabetes, high blood pressure, family history, older age, etc.) | More than 90 | 1 | Kidney damage and normal GFR | More than 90 | 2 | Kidney damage and mild decrease in GFR | 60 to 89 | 3 | Moderate decrease in GFR | 30 to 59 | 4 | Severe decrease in GFR | 15 to 29 | 5 | Kidney failure (dialysis or kidney transplant needed) | Less than 15 |
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GFR: glomerular filtration rate; CrCl: creatinine clearance; signs of kidney damage may include proteinuria and hematuria.
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