The Epidemiology of COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis

Table 5

Summary of management of COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis.

Clinical presentation	Treatment
Chest pain	Initial evaluation using ECG, cardiac troponin, and inflammatory marker levels [114]
Arrhythmias	Guideline-directed therapy based on arrhythmia type [115]
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
	Angiotensin receptor blockers
	Beta-blockers
	Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists [115]
Fulminant myocarditis-cardiogenic shock	Short-term corticosteroids
	Mechanical circulatory support in left ventricular dysfunction [123, 124]