Impact of Climate Change on the Growth of Typical Crops in Karst Areas: A Case Study of Guizhou Province

Table 1

Details of five global climate models provided by ISIMIP.

R&D unit (country)	Name	Biogeochemical characteristics of the Earth system	External forcing factors considered in the simulation
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) (USA)	GFDL-ESM2M	A (simple), LC, OBGC	GHG, SD, Oz, LU, SI, VI, SS, BC, MD, OC
Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, Met Office (UK)	HADGEM2-ES	A (complex), AC, LC, OBGC	GHG, SA, Oz, LU, SI, VI, BC, OC
L’Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) (France)	IPSL-CM5A-LR	A (simple), LC, OBGC	Nat, Ant, GHG, SA, Oz, LU, SS, Ds, BC, MD, OC, AA
Technology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, and National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan)	MIROC-ESM-CHEM	A (complex), LC, OBGC	GHG, SA, Oz, LU, Sl, Vl, MD, BC, OC
Norwegian Climate Centre (Norway)	NORESM1-M	A (complex), AC	GHG, SA, Oz, S1, V1, BC, OC

Note. A: aerosol; AC: atmospheric chemistry; LC: terrestrial carbon cycle; OBGC: marine biogeochemistry; Nat: natural forcing; Ant: artificial forcing; GHG: completely mixed with greenhouse gases; SD: artificial sulphide aerosol (only direct effect); SI: a sulphide aerosol (only indirect effect); SA: a direct and indirect effect of sulphide aerosol; Oz: tropospheric and stratospheric ozone; LU: land use change; Sl: solar radiation; Vl: volcanic aerosol; SS: sea salt; Ds: dust; BC: black carbon; MD: mineral dust; OC: organic carbon; AA: artificial aerosol.