Design Analysis and Optimization of Coil Spring for Three-Wheeler Vehicles Using Composite Materials

Table 9

Maximum shear stress values of steel, carbon/epoxy, and carbon/CNT/epoxy springs using existing spring dimensions.

Load (N)	Maximum shear stress (MPa)
	Steel spring		Carbon/epoxy spring		Carbon/CNT/epoxy spring
	FEA	Analytical	FEA	Analytical	FEA	Analytical
360	40.872	39.17916	47.9	39.17916	45.491	39.17916
720	81.7465	78.35832	95.799	78.35832	90.983	78.35832
1080	122.62	117.53748	143.7	117.53748	136.47	117.53748
1440	163.49	156.71664	191.6	156.71664	181.97	156.71664
1810	205.5	196.98411	240.83	196.98411	228.72	196.98411
2160	245.23	235.07496	287.4	235.07496	272.95	235.07496
2520	286.11	274.25412	335.3	274.25412	318.44	274.25412
2880	326.98	313.43328	383.2	313.43328	363.93	313.43328
3240	367.85	352.61244	431.1	352.61244	409.42	352.61244
3600	408.72	391.79160	479	391.79160	454.91	391.7916