Depressive Symptoms among People Living with HIV Attending ART Centers of Lumbini Province, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Sociodemographic predictors of depression at selected ART centers in Lumbini province, 2020.

Variables	Depression		COR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI
	Yes (%)	No (%)
Age of respondent
≤40	48 (24.0)	152 (76.0)	1.08	0.96–1.21
>40	61 (29.6)	145 (70.4)	1
Sex
Male	55 (27.6)	144 (72.4)	1.08	0.69–1.67
Female	54 (26.1)	153 (73.9)	1
Ethnicity
Dalit	16 (27.6)	42 (72.4)	0.98	0.48–1.98
Janjati	20 (18.5)	88 (81.5)	0.58	0.31–1.10
Religious minorities	40 (32.8)	82 (67.2)	1.25	0.72–2.18
Upper	33 (28.0)	85 (72.0)	1
Educational status
Literate	44 (36.4)	77 (63.6)	0.82	0.71–0.95	0.24	0.10–0.61
Illiterate	65 (22.8)	220 (77.2)	1		1
Occupational status
Unemployed	27 (32.9)	55 (67.1)	3.28	1.63–6.60	1.51	0.51–4.42
Agriculture	39 (29.8)	92 (70.2)	2.83	1.48–5.40	1.63	0.60–4.37
Labor/wage worker	27 (38.6)	43 (61.4)	4.19	2.05–8.56	1.17	0.39–3.50
Self/employed	16 (13.0)	107 (87.0)	1		1
Family type
Nuclear	53 (21.5)	194 (78.5)	0.50	0.32–0.78	0.99	0.49–2.00
Joint	56 (35.2)	103 (64.8)	1		1
Tobacco consumption
Yes	29 (26.1)	82 (73.9)	0.95	0.57–1.55
No	80 (27.1)	215 (72.9)	1
Alcohol consumption
Yes	33 (30.6)	75 (69.4)	1.28	0.79–2.08
No	76 (25.5)	222 (74.5)	1
Marital status
Married	62 (24.0)	196 (76.0)	0.68	0.43–1.06
Unmarried/widow/separated	47 (31.8)	101 (68.2)	1
Wealth quintile
Poorest	52 (64.2)	29 (35.8)	9.37	4.44–19.80	7.28	2.22–23.87
Poorer	23 (28.4)	58 (71.6)	2.07	0.96–4.45	2.23	0.77–6.47
Middle	11 (13.6)	70 (86.4)	0.82	0.34–1.96	0.82	0.29–2.32
Richer	10 (12.2)	72 (87.8)	0.72	0.29–1.76	0.65	0.21–1.98
Richest	13 (16.0)	68 (84.0)	1		1
Age of respondent’s partner
≤40	34 (23.0)	114 (77.0)	1.03	0.89–1.18
>40	28 (25.5)	82 (74.5)	1
Educational status of respondent’s partner
Literate	24 (30.4)	55 (69.6)	1.61	0.89–2.94
Illiterate	38 (21.2)	141 (78.8)	1
Occupational status of respondent’s partner
Unemployed	22 (34.4)	42 (65.6)	3.37	1.41–8.06	2.05	0.76–5.53
Agriculture	22 (24.4)	68 (75.6)	2.08	0.89–4.88	1.32	0.45–3.91
Labor/wage worker	9 (24.3)	28 (75.7)	2.07	0.74–5.79	1.39	0.43–4.48
Self/employed	9 (13.4)	58 (86.6)	1		1
Tobacco consumption by respondent’s partner
Yes	10 (16.1)	52 (83.9)	0.53	0.25–1.12
No	52 (26.5)	144 (73.5)	1
Tobacco consumption by respondent’s partner
Yes	14 (22.6)	48 (77.4)	0.89	0.45–1.77
No	48 (24.5)	148 (75.5)	1

Variables entered to multivariate regression model. Statistically significant at value <0.05, adjusted model.