Research Article
Sublethal Effects of Methanolic Extract of Raphia hookeri on the Reproductive Capacity of Clarias gariepinus
Table 1
Morphological and behavioural responses of C. gariepinus in test solution.
| Studied characteristic | Observations on fishes prior to exposure | Observations on fish after exposure |
| Skin colour | Black dorsally and grayish white ventrally | Colour changed to a mottled grayish colour dorsally with dark spots occurring all over body |
| Response to stimuli | Rapid response to external stimuli that is touching | Relatively sluggish with occasional spiral movement |
| Swimming | Normal swimming (dorsal side up) | Alternate swimming on the lateral side and rapid and erratic swimming behavior |
| Breathing mechanisms | Normal breathing | Gasping for breath |
| Opercula movement | Normal opercula movement | Rapid opercula movement |
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