Research Article
Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Figure 2
Effects of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination on (a) urea levels and (b) creatinine levels in AlCl3-induced renal toxicity in adult male rats. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of six determinations (n = 6). Note: indicates < 0.05 versus normal control; # < 0.05 versus untreated AlCl3-induced nephrotoxicity.
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