Ferric Carboxymaltose-Mediated Attenuation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Iron Deficiency Rat Model

Table 1

Haematological, functional, and oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammatory markers according to iron diet and DOX treatment.

	Group
	A	B	C	D	E	F
Parameter
Iron diet	LID	LID	LID	LID	ND	ND
DOX dose (mg/kg BW)	3	4	5	0	4	0
Hb (g/dL)	8.9±0.5	8.6±0.4	8.3±0.5	10.3±0.5^†	13.4±0.7^‡	17.1±0.5^∗
TSAT (%)	13.8±2.3	11.9±9.0	10.9±4.3	12.7±2.0	36.4±3.0^‡	41.8±4.1^‡
LVDD (mm)	8.61±0.12	8.70±0.14^‖	9.02±0.13^∗	8.30±0.12	8.28±0.14	7.80±0.10^∗
LVSD (mm)	5.60±0.11	6.00±0.10^‖	6.34±0.11^∗	5.10±0.10	5.20±0.11	4.50±0.12^∗
FS (%)	34.9±1.7	31.0±1.3^‖	29.6±1.4^∗	38.6±1.4^†	37.2±1.6^†	42.3±1.9^∗
Caveolin-1 (%/area)	18.2±2.0	15.6±1.8^‖	14.9±2.1^‖	23.1±2.2^†	24.7±3.0^†	32.3±2.7^∗
Cu,Zn-SOD (U/mg protein)	33.5±2.3	37.2±2.6^‖	40.1±2.8^§	24.7±1.9^†	28.4±2.1^†	18.9±1.5^∗
GPx (U/mg protein)	423.2±22.7	460.5±26.4^‖	488.4±30.1^§	376.9±32.4^†	389.4±27.4^†	264.3±20.6^∗
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	3.4±0.1	3.7±0.2^‖	4.0±0.2^§	2.8±0.3^†	3.0±0.2^†	1.9±0.2^∗
GSH : GSSG ratio	3.0±0.2	2.7±0.1^‖	2.3±0.3^§	4.0±0.3^†	3.8±0.2^†	4.7±0.3^∗
Nitrotyrosine (%/area)	24.1±3.2	28.9±3.7^‖	34.8±3.0^§	14.9±2.6^†	16.7±2.1^†	12.2±2.0^∗
TNF-α (%/area)	18.7±2.0	19.2±1.6	20.1±2.3	14.8±1.7^†	15.1±1.9^†	12.1±2.0^∗

Data presented as mean ± SD. LID: low iron diet; ND: normal diet; DOX: doxorubicin; Hb: hemoglobin; TSAT: transferrin saturation; LVDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVSD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; FS: fractional shortening; Cu,Zn-SOD: copper-zinc superoxide dismutase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH : GSSG: reduced glutathione : oxidised glutathione; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor alpha.
^∗𝑃<0.05 versus all groups; ^†𝑃<0.05 versus A, B, and C; ^‡𝑃<0.01 versus A, B, C, and D; ^§𝑃<0.05 versus A and B; ^‖𝑃<0.05 versus A.