Ferric Carboxymaltose-Mediated Attenuation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Iron Deficiency Rat Model

Table 4

Cardiac oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation according to iron diet, DOX treatment, and supplementation with FCM.

	Group
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Parameter
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	3.6±0.2^∗∗	3.5±0.3^∗∗	2.9±0.1^††	2.7±0.2^∗	4.3±0.2^‡‡	2.5±0.2^§§	1.8±0.2^‖	5.7±0.3
Cu,Zn-SOD (U/mg protein)	36.9±3.2^∗∗	34.9±2.0^∗∗	30.4±2.1^††	27.3±3.0^∗	42.3±2.4^‡‡	26.3±2.1^§§	16.0±1.8^‖	49.2±3.3
GPx (U/mg protein)	409±24^∗∗	399±20^‡‡	360±20^††	353±23^∗	459±24^‡‡	320±24^§§	256±21^‖	507±32
GSH : GSSG ratio	2.5±0.2^∗∗	2.6±0.1^∗∗	3.6±0.2^††	3.8±0.2^∗	2.4±0.2^‡‡	3.9±0.1^§§	4.8±0.2^‖	2.0±0.2
Nitrotyrosine (%/area)	18.0±3.3	17.1±2.6	16.9±3.1	16.1±2.2^∗	29.1±3.4^‡	16.8±3.8	11.6±1.3^†	34.5±4.5^‡
iNOS (%/area)	6.9±1.0	6.4±1.1	6.7±0.8	6.5±0.9	21.4±1.7^‡	2.5±0.4^†	2.3±0.6^†	20.3±2.0^‡
TNF-𝛼 (%/area)	15.1±1.4	14.4±1.5	14.2±1.2	14.1±1.3	19.6±1.4^‡	15.0±1.5	11.9±1.1^§	23.6±2.0^§
IL-6 (%/area)	15.7±2.2	14.6±1.7	15.2±1.4	14.4±1.6	28.4±2.5^‡	20.3±1.6^†	3.6±1.0^§	34.9±3.1^§
Collagen III (%/area)	7.4±1.0	7.5±0.9	7.3±1.1	6.6±0.9	13.0±1.5^¶	7.0±1.1	4.3±0.7^§	13.9±1.9^¶

Data presented as mean ± SD. A brief tabular overview of treatments in Groups 1–8 is included in Table 2. Further details are described in the Materials and Methods section. MDA: malondialdehyde; Cu,Zn-SOD: copper-zinc superoxide dismutase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GSH : GSSG: reduced glutathione : oxidised glutathione; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; TNF-𝛼: tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: interleukin-6.
^∗𝑃<0.01 versus G5, G7, and G8; ^†𝑃<0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, and G4; ^‡𝑃<0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, and G7; ^§𝑃<0.01 versus all groups; ^‖𝑃<0.01 versus G8; ^¶𝑃<0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, G4, and G6; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 versus G3 to G8; ^††𝑃<0.01 versus G5 to G8; ^‡‡𝑃<0.01 versus G6 to G8; ^§§𝑃<0.01 versus G7, G8.