Renal Pseudoaneurysm with Associated Arteriovenous Fistula as a Cause of Delayed Bleeding after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report and Current Literature Review

<div>Angiography showing (a) peak opacification of the PA (green arrow) before embolization, (b) superselective catheterization at the base of the PA filled with contrast (green arrow) and the associated AVF with early venous return, and (c) successful obliteration of the feeder segmental artery with 4 Hilal Embolization MicroCoils™ (green arrow) with no residual filling of the PA on control angiography. PA = pseudoaneurysm; AVF = arteriovenous fistula.</div>

Case Reports in Urology

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Figure 2: Renal Pseudoaneurysm with Associated Arteriovenous Fistula as a Cause of Delayed Bleeding after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report and Current Literature Review 

Figure 2 | Renal Pseudoaneurysm with Associated Arteriovenous Fistula as a Cause of Delayed Bleeding after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report and Current Literature Review 