Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Propensity Score and Geospatial Cohort Analysis of 3,952 Patients

Table 1

Descriptive and bivariable analysis by the nonwhite race in cardiac arrest (N = 3,952).

Variable no. (%)	Sample, N = 3,952	White, N = 1,333 (33.73%)	Nonwhite, N = 2,619 (66.27%)	value
Demographics
Age, mean (SD)	63.21 (15.44)	65.53 (15.70)	62.03 (15.17)	<0.001
Female	1,654 (41.85)	474 (35.56)	1,180 (45.06)	<0.001
Race				<0.001
White	1,333 (33.73)	1,333 (100.00)	0 (0.00)
Black	1,666 (42.16)	0 (0.00)	1,666 (63.61)
Hispanic	767 (19.41)	0 (0.00)	767 (29.29)
Other	186 (4.71)	0 (0.00)	186 (7.10)
Arrest
No witness	1,291 (32.67)	424 (31.81)	867 (33.10)	0.411
Before 911	3,211 (81.25)	1,133 (85.00)	2,078 (79.34)	<0.001
Bystander CPR	1,203 (30.46)	487 (36.59)	716 (27.35)	<0.001
CPR delay	712 (51.82)	321 (61.97)	391 (45.68)	<0.001
No AED	1,049 (64.32)	349 (58.56)	700 (67.63)	<0.001
Asystole	2,577 (65.21)	789 (59.19)	1,788 (68.27)	<0.001
Hospital
THP	1,118 (45.73)	363 (46.07)	755 (45.56)	0.816
Discharge
Death	2,639 (66.78)	888 (66.62)	1,751 (66.86)	0.879
Nonhome	635 (48.77)	209 (47.29)	426 (49.53)	0.442
Poor neurological	296 (72.20)	87 (60.84)	209 (78.28)	<0.001

No., number; SD, standard deviation; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; AED, automated external defibrillator; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation; THP, therapeutic hypothermic protocol.