Research Article
Long-Term Outcomes of Bovine versus Porcine Mitral Valve Replacement: A Multicenter Analysis
Table 1
Baseline patient and disease characteristics by tissue type.
| | Characteristics | Overall cohort | | Pericardial | Porcine | P value |
| | Number of procedures | N = 801 | N = 483 | | | Procedure type | | | <0.001 | | Valve | 464 (57.9%) | 230 (47.6%) | | | CABG/valve | 337 (42.1%) | 253 (52.4%) | | | Age in years, % by group | | | 0.087 | | <60 years | 98 (12.2%) | 38 (7.9%) | | | 60–69 years | 197 (24.6%) | 127 (26.3%) | | | 70–79 years | 376 (46.9%) | 243 (50.3%) | | | >=80 years | 130 (16.2%) | 75 (15.5%) | | | Mean | 71.0 (10.0) | 72.1 (8.7) | 0.043 | | Female sex, % | 385 (48.1%) | 251 (52.0%) | 0.18 | | Body surface area, % | | | 0.57 | | <1.70 | 161 (20.1%) | 109 (22.6%) | | | 1.70–1.99 | 356 (44.4%) | 207 (42.9%) | | | >=2.00 | 284 (35.5%) | 167 (34.6%) | | | Mean | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 0.29 | | Preoperative WBC >12,000 μ/L, % | 72 (9.0%) | 39 (8.1%) | 0.57 | | Prior PCI, % | 96 (12.0%) | 55 (11.4%) | 0.75 | | Prior CABG, % | 41 (5.1%) | 25 (5.2%) | 0.96 | | Comorbid disease, % | | | | | Vascular disease | 164 (20.5%) | 117 (24.2%) | 0.12 | | Diabetes | 155 (19.4%) | 140 (29.0%) | <0.001 | | COPD | 163 (20.3%) | 129 (26.7%) | 0.008 | | Atrial fibrillation | 342 (42.7%) | 197 (40.8%) | 0.5 | | Congestive heart failure | 446 (55.7%) | 293 (60.7%) | 0.08 | | Dialysis or creatinine ≥2 mg/dL | 34 (4.2%) | 34 (7.0%) | 0.03 | | NYHA class 4 | 137 (17.1%) | 103 (21.3%) | 0.06 | | Prior stroke | 46 (5.7%) | 40 (8.3%) | 0.078 | | Ejection fraction, % | | | 0.67 | | <40 | 74 (9.2%) | 47 (9.7%) | | | 40–49 | 92 (11.5%) | 65 (13.5%) | | | 50–59 | 154 (19.2%) | 101 (20.9%) | | | ≥60 | 380 (47.4%) | 213 (44.1%) | | | Missing | 101 (12.6%) | 57 (11.8%) | | | Mean | 55.9 (13.0) | 55.5 (12.8) | 0.68 | | Coronary artery disease, % | 523 (65.3%) | 370 (76.6%) | <0.001 | | Left main stenosis ≥50% | 63 (7.9%) | 52 (10.8%) | 0.078 | | Number of diseased vessels | | <0.001 | | 1 | 78 (9.7%) | 66 (13.7%) | | | 2 | 509 (63.5%) | 257 (53.2%) | | | 3 | 100 (12.5%) | 61 (12.6%) | | | Valve only | 114 (14.2%) | 99 (20.5%) | | | Myocardial infarction within 7 days | 60 (7.5%) | 33 (6.8%) | 0.66 | | Valve disease, % | | | 0.94 | | Stenosis or regurgitation | 616 (79.0%) | 376 (79.2%) | | | Stenosis and regurgitation | 164 (21.0%) | 99 (20.8%) | | | Priority at surgery, % | | | 0.014 | | Elective | 493 (61.5%) | 260 (53.8%) | | | Urgent | 267 (33.3%) | 200 (41.4%) | | | Emergency | 41 (5.1%) | 23 (4.8%) | |
|
|
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WBC, white blood cells; NYHA, New York Heart Association.
|
