Environmental Impact Analysis of Hub-and-Spoke Network Operation

Table 1

Distance cost matrix.

Distance (km)	Shenyang	Beijing	Qingdao	Zhengzhou	Guangzhou	Nanjing
Shenyang	0	730	821	1339	2672	1630
Beijing	730	0	646	690	1967	981
Qingdao	821	646	0	741	1867	552
Zhengzhou	1339	690	741	0	1389	630
Guangzhou	2672	1967	1867	1389	0	1255
Nanjing	1630	981	552	630	1255	0