Environmental Impact Analysis of Hub-and-Spoke Network Operation

Table 8

Contrast of pollutant emissions and fuel consumption.

Pollutant emissions and fuel consumption	Hub-and-spoke network (kg)	Point-to-point network (kg)
Total CO emission	4.99 E + 8	7.77 E + 8
Total HC emission	3.60 E + 7	1.15 E + 8
Total NOx emission	1.60 E + 9	2.14 E + 9
Pollutant emissions	2.14 E + 9	3.03 E + 9
Total fuel consumption	1.21 E + 7	2.03 E + 8