Research Article

Mathematical Analysis of the Prey-Predator System with Immigrant Prey Using the Soft Computing Technique

Table 23

Absolute errors obtained by the LeNN-WOA-NM algorithm for population densities of local, immigrant prey, and predator under the influence of .


01.38E − 081.54E − 092.74E − 091.77E – 091.18E − 091.88E − 104.68E − 096.17E − 093.17E − 106.73E − 118.97E – 102.19E − 10
0.26.09E − 091.40E − 093.92E − 093.57E – 096.24E − 101.22E − 106.51E − 109.47E − 091.15E − 114.00E − 119.21E – 107.22E − 11
0.44.30E − 091.63E − 101.22E − 093.29E – 101.59E − 098.95E − 115.03E − 091.78E − 117.33E − 101.29E − 101.48E – 104.81E − 10
0.62.00E − 096.47E − 102.54E − 101.89E – 095.33E − 101.49E − 112.95E − 098.36E − 101.06E − 099.40E − 125.36E – 105.34E − 10
0.88.76E − 097.02E − 101.16E − 093.77E – 099.98E − 119.28E − 117.06E − 103.10E − 111.31E − 102.41E − 112.99E – 104.31E − 10
11.40E − 089.57E − 101.35E − 096.00E – 093.71E − 105.62E − 125.19E − 091.12E − 117.18E − 109.95E − 124.08E – 103.35E − 10