Xanthohumol, a Prenylated Flavonoid from Hops (Humulus lupulus), Prevents Platelet Activation in Human Platelets

Figure 4

Xanthohumol (XN) on p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and Akt phosphorylation in collagen-activated platelets. Washed platelets (1.2×10⁹ cells/mL) were preincubated with 1.5 and 3 μM XN or 0.5% DMSO, followed by the addition of 1 μg/mL collagen to trigger platelet activation. Cells were collected, and subcellular extracts were analyzed for (a) p38 MAPK, (b) ERK1/2, (c) JNK1/2, and (d) Akt phosphorylation. Data are presented as the means ± S.E.M. (𝑛=4). *𝑃<0.05, **𝑃<0.01, and ***𝑃<0.001, compared to the resting group; ^#𝑃<0.05 and ^##𝑃<0.01, compared to the control (DMSO) group.

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