Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Multivariate Granger Causality Analysis of Acupuncture Effects in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients: An fMRI Study

Table 1

Path weights from multivariate Granger causality analyses under the MCI-Deep ( ).
 ACC FGOFCHypoCaudateDLPFCMTGPreCNDecliveMPFCCuneusSMAM1IPLInsulaUvulaMCCHippSIISIThalamus
ACC —××××××2.03×××××××××1.56×××
FG×—×××××0.79×××××××××××××
OFC××—××××××××××××××2.15×××
Hypo×××—×××××××××××××××××
Caudate××××—×××1.97××××××××0.78×××
DLPFC×××××—××1.1××××××××0.980.43××
MTG×××××1.1—××××××××××××××
PreCN×××××××—×××××××××××××
Declive××××××××—××××××××××××
MPFC×××××××××—×××××××××××
Cuneus××××××××××—××××××××××
SMA×××××××××××—×××××××××
M1×××××0.57××0.67×××—××××××××
IPL×××××××××××××—×××××××
Insula×××××1.56××××××××—×××3.2××
Uvula××××××××0.43××××××—×××××
MCC××××××××××××××××—××××
Hipp×××××××××××××××× —×××
SII××××××××××××××××××—××
SI×××××××××××××××××××—×
Thalamus×××××2.34××××××××3.45×××××—
Only the significant paths are listed. Influences are from column ROI to row ROI. × indicates the weights below the significance. Abbreviations: ACC: anterior cingulate cortex; FG: fusiform gyrus; OFC: orbitofrontal cortex; HYPO: hypothalamus; DLPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; MTG: middle temporal gyrus; PreCN: precuneus; MPFC: medial prefrontal cortex; SMA: supplementary motor area; M1: primary motor cortex; IPL: inferior parietal lobule; MCC: middle cingulate cortex; HIPP: hippocampus; SII: secondary somatosensory cortex; SI: primary somatosensory cortex.