Panax Quinquefolius Saponin of Stem and Leaf Attenuates Intermittent High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress Injury in Cultured Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway

Figure 4

Phosphorylation of Akt (a) and GSK3β (b) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells determined by western blot. Data obtained from quantitative densitometry were presented as mean ± SD. (𝑛=3). Before PQS was added, HUVECs were pretreated with LY294002 for 30 min. ^∗𝑃<0.01 versus NG, ^#𝑃<0.01 versus IHG; ^▴𝑃<0.01 versus IHG + PQS. PQS, panax quinquefolius saponin of stem and leaf (0.1 mg/mL).

(a)

(b)