Novel Antidepressant-Like Activity of Propolis Extract Mediated by Enhanced Glucocorticoid Receptor Function in the Hippocampus
Figure 4
Effect of propolis extract on FST-induced c-fos expression in the hippocampal DG. (a) Representative confocal images of c-fos-positive neurons in the granular cell layer of the DG in mice administered vehicle (1 mL/kg saline), propolis extract (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg). The no FST (naive) group served as the control group. Frozen hippocampal sections were double immunostained with anti-c-fos (white) and anti-NeuN (red). Scale bar = 50 μm. (b) The average number of c-fos-positive neurons in the granular cell layer of the DG. The columns and error bars represent means ± SEM ( per group). Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. GCL: granular cell layer; P50: propolis extract (50 mg/kg); P100: propolis extract (100 mg/kg); P200: propolis extract (200 mg/kg). versus naive; versus vehicle.
