Efficacy and Safety of Taeeumjowi-tang in Obese Korean Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of TJ001 trial subjects.

	Group		𝑃 value*
	Placebo group (𝑁=55)	TJ001 group (𝑁=57)
	mean ± S.D.	mean ± S.D.
Age, year	38.8±10.1	39.2±9.5	0.8475
Anthropometric measurements
Height, cm	161.8±9.2	160.8±6.4	0.4998
Weight, kg	83.7±14.4	82.2±10.5	0.5458
BMI, kg/m^2	31.9±3.8	31.8±2.6	0.8598
Waist circumference, cm	100.4±9.5	99.6±7.0	0.6259
Hip circumference, cm	110.4±8.8	109.9±6.0	0.7096
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)	0.91±0.05	0.90±0.05	0.6934
Lipid profile
Cholesterol
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	207.3±36.8	191.7±31.5	0.0180
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	160.39±36.57	146.43±30.37	0.0300
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	46.9±9.9	46.1±10.6	0.7161
Triglyceride, mg/dL	152.2±87.2	134.6±66.9	0.2352
Abdominal computed tomography (CT)
Total fat area (TFA), cm^2	402.8±153.9	392.5±134.6	0.7676**
Visceral fat area (VFA), cm^2	118.2±58.1	110.1±47	0.5073**
Subcutaneous fat area (SFA), cm^2	283.6±116.3	282.1±103	0.9149**
VFA/SFA	0.44±0.21	0.40±0.17	0.2524
C-reactive protein (CRP), mg/dL	0.19±0.24	0.22±0.36	0.6786**
Questionnaires
KOQOL	33.7±8.2	33.5±6.8	0.8815
KEAT-26	13.5±5.5	12.1±4.8	0.1665
Energy intake, kcal/day	1859±635.9	1823.1±623	0.7671
Pulse, bpm	76.9±9.3	75.3±7.4	0.3072
Systolic blood pressure (SBP), mmHg	123±13.9	122.7±14.6	0.9175
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mmHg	77.8±10.8	76.6±9.2	0.5433
AST, IU/L	24.09±10.97	27.86±16.16	0.1395**
ALT, IU/L	30.22±23.55	28.91±18.92	0.9326**
BUN, mg/dL	13.39±2.89	14.45±10.42	0.8895**
Creatinine, mg/dL	0.83±0.17	0.78±0.18	0.1415**
Number of subjects (𝑛)	𝑛 (%)	𝑛 (%)	𝑃 value^†
Gender
Male, 𝑛 (%)	10 (18.2%)	7 (12.3%)	0.3842
Female, 𝑛 (%)	45 (81.8%)	50 (87.7%)

S.D.: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein CT: computed tomography; KOQOL: Korean Obesity-related Quality of Life, KEAT-26: Korean version of Eating Attitudes Test-26; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine transaminase. *Continuous variables were analyzed by independent samples 𝑡-test. **𝑃 values after log transformed, as they did not satisfy normality assumption. ^†Categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test. 𝑃<0.05: considered statistically significant.