The Cardioprotective Effects of Citric Acid and L-Malic Acid on Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Figure 5

Effects of citric acid (a) and L-malic acid (b) on H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes were subjected to 3 h hypoxia and 6 h reoxygenation in the presence or absence of citric acid or L-malic acid. Data are shown as mean±SD. ^##𝑃<0.01 versus normal control, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus model control (𝑛=3).

(a)

(b)