Biochemistry, Safety, Pharmacological Activities, and Clinical Applications of Turmeric: A Mechanistic Review

Figure 2

2D molecular structures of curcumin: (1) demethoxycurcumin, (2) bisdemethoxycurcumin, (3) curcumin glucuronide, (4) monodemethylcurcumin, (5) curcumin monoglucoside, (6) curcumin diglucoside, (7) Keto-curcumin, and (8) allyl curcumin (obtained and modified from Open Chemistry Database, National Center for Biotechnology Information, and PubChem Substance Database; https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance).