Effect of Curcumin on Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials

Table 2

Effect of curcumin supplementation on outcomes.

Outcomes	No. of studies	Sample size	Heterogeneity		Analysis model	WMD (95% CI)	value
			I^2	P heterogeneity
Renal function
SCr	4	190	0%	0.648	Fixed	−0.16 (−0.3 to −0.02)	0.029
BUN	2	86	0%	0.601	Fixed	1.10 (−1.72 to 3.92)	0.446
PRO	4	237	86.90%	＜0.01	Random	0.09 (−0.73 to 0.92)	0.614
Lipid profile
TC	4	190	0%	0.426	Fixed	−10.13 (−17.84 to −2.14)	0.01
TG	4	190	0%	0.661	Fixed	3.42 (−6.93 to 13.22)	0.495
HDL-C	3	139	0%	0.587	Fixed	1.16 (−1.55 to 3.87)	0.402
LDL-C	3	139	77.20%	0.012	Random	−1.06 (−17.89 to 15.77)	0.902
Blood pressure
SBP	4	244	33.50%	0.212	Fixed	3.94 (1.86 to 6.01)	＜0.01
DBP	4	244	92.30%	＜0.001	Random	0.21 (−5.64 to 6.05)	0.944
Glycemic control
FBG	4	190	43.70%	0.149	Fixed	−8.29 (−15.19 to −1.39)	0.019

SCr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; PRO, proteinuria; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose.