Research Article

Electronic Northern Analysis of Genes and Modeling of Gene Networks Underlying Bovine Milk Fat Production

Table 1

Genes involved in milk fat synthesis and secretion. 45 genes previously reported to be involved in nine different bioprocesses (in bold) of milk fat biosynthesis and secretion [3] were studied.

Gene nameGene product

(1) FA import into cells
CD36CD36 molecule (thrombospondin receptor)
LPLLipoprotein lipase
VLDLRVery-Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor
(2) Xenobiotic and Cholesterol transport
ABCA1ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A (ABC1), member 1
ABCG2ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G (WHITE), member 2
(3) Acetate and FA activation and intracellular transport
ACBPAcyl-CoA binding protein (diazepam binding inhibitor)
ACSL1Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1
ACSS1Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1
ACSS2Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2
FABP3Fatty acid-binding protein, heart
(4) Fatty acid synthesis and desaturation
ACACAAcetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha
FADS1Fatty acid desaturase 1 (delta-5 desaturase)
FADS2Fatty acid desaturase 2 (delta-6 desaturase)
FASNFatty acid synthase
SCD5Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (delta-9-desaturase)
(5) Triacylglycerol synthesis
AGPAT61-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6
DGAT1Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1
DGAT2Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2
GPAMGlycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial
LPIN1Lipin 1
(6) Sphingolipid synthesis
ASAHLN-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase-like
LASS2LAG1 homolog, ceramide synthase 2
OSBPOxysterol-binding protein 1
OSBPL10Oxysterol-binding protein-like 10
OSBPL2Oxysterol-binding protein-like 2
SGPL1Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase
SPHK2Sphingosine kinase 2
SPTLC1Serine palmitoyltransferase, long-chain base subunit 1
SPTLC2Serine palmitoyltransferase, long-chain base subunit 2
UGCGCeramide glucosyltransferase
(7) Lipid droplet formation
ADFPAdipose differentiation related protein (adipophilin, PLIN2)
BTN1A1Butyrophilin, subfamily 1, member A1
PLINPerilipin
XDHXanthine dehydrogenase
(8) Ketone body Utilization
BDH13-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, type 1
OXCT13-Oxoacid CoA transferase 1
(9) Regulation of transcription
INSIG1Insulin-induced gene 1
INSIG2Insulin-induced gene 2
PPARGPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PPARGC1APPAR gamma, coactivator 1 alpha
PPARGC1BPPAR gamma, coactivator 1 beta
SCAPSREBP cleavage activating protein
SREBF1Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1
SREBF2Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2
THRSPThyroid hormone responsive SPOT14