Research Status in the Use of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) to Detect Pesticide Residues in Foods and Plant-Derived Chinese Herbal Medicines

Table 4

Pesticide residues detected by SERS.

Samples	Pesticide	SERS substrate	Detection limit	Maximum residue limit	Ref.
Chinese cabbage	Acetamiprid	AuNPs	1 mg·kg^−1	1 mg·kg^−1	[62]
	Malathion		1 mg·kg^−1	8 mg·kg^−1
	Phosmet		0.5 mg·kg^−1	0.5 mg·kg^−1
Apple	Triazophos	AgNPs	0.02 mg·kg^−1	0.2 mg·kg^−1	[77]
Green tea	Methomyl	AgNFs	0.6 μg·L^−1	0.2 mg·kg^−1	[44]
	Acetamiprid		0.2 μg·L^−1	0.5 mg·kg^−1
Tomato/apple peel	Methylthionine	Bipyramid-AuNPs	31.58 ng·cm^−2	—	[63]
Tea	Paraquat	Gold nanostars	0.2 mg·kg^−1	0.5 mg·kg^−1	[49]
Peach	Thiacloprid Profenofos	Au@AgNPs	0.1 mg·kg^−1	0.5 mg·kg^−1	[78]
			0.01 mg·kg^−1	0.05 mg·kg^−1
Apple	Thiram	Ag@AuNPs	1 mg·kg^−1	5 mg·kg^−1	[66]
	Thiabendazole		1 mg·kg^−1	15 mg·kg^−1
Rice	Acephate	AuNRs with cysteine	0.5 mg·L^−1	1 mg·kg^−1	[67]
Tomato peel	Thiram	Au@AgNP array	5 ng·cm^−2	5 mg·kg^−1	[39]
Cucumber	Acetamiprid	Ag@SiO2	2.66 ng·mL^−1	1 mg·kg^−1	[71]
Tomato/grape peel	Chlorpyrifos	Ag/TiO2 nanorods	2 ng·cm^−2	0.5 mg·kg^−1	[73]
			5 ng·cm^−2	0.02 mg·kg^−1
Apple peel	Thiram	AuNR array	0.41 ng·cm^−2	5 mg·kg^−1	[79]
Centella	Chlorpyrifos	GO-Au nanocomposites	0.1 mg·kg-1	0.5 mg·kg-1	[80]