International Journal of Analytical Chemistry / 2024 / Article / Tab 8 / Research Article
Determination of Major and Trace Metals in Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera ) Samples Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Assessment of the Associated Public Health Risks Table 8 Comparison of the mean concentration of metals in date palm fruit samples with literature-reported values.
Country Metal concentration (mg/kg) Method Reference Na Ca Zn Fe Ethiopia (Afar), Iraq, and Saudi Arabia 134–320 205–299 9.27–27.9 38.8–115 FAAS This study Nigeria 912–914 372−371 16.0–19.0 11.50–61.5 FAAS [47 ] Malaysia 123–248 488–707 3.28–3.41 8.08–13.5 ICP-OES [48 ] Saudi Arabia 334–338 143–157 0.34–0.45 80.8–203 FAAS/ICP-MAES [49 ] Sudan 567–1318 222–2381 7.50–10.0 6.91–69.1 FAAS [50 ] Pakistan 83.5–103 75.4–93.4 — 0.8–0.82 FAAS [51 ] Libya 19.1–69.0 24.0–64.0 7.40–13.6 8.40–128 FAAS [52 ] Saudi Arabia — — 22.8–45.9 56.9–155 ICP-AES [53 ] Pakistan — — — 0.84–1.9 AAS [54 ] Saudi Arabia 73.8–157 150–339 19.5–21.4 21.2–54.9 ICP-OES [55 ] Country Metal concentration (mg/kg) Method Reference Ni Cd Cu Mn Pb Ethiopia (Afar), Iraq, and Saudi Arabia 25.1–42.2 ND 0.002–1.15 6.66–16.3 ND FAAS This study Nigeria — — 9.84–10.2 10.0–21.0 — FAAS [47 ] Malaysia 0.149–0.194 — 4.47–5.04 1.62–3.36 — ICP-OES [48 ] Saudi Arabia 9.60–55.6 0.09–28 1.15–1.26 53.4–53.9 — FAAS/ICP-AES [49 ] Sudan — — 7.1–18.6 5.40–7.8 — FAAS [50 ] Pakistan — — — — — FAAS [51 ] Libya — 0.14–1.02 0.54–5.5 — ND‒0.94 FAAS [52 ] Saudi Arabia 0.82–2.2 0.15–0.26 22.8–52.2 — 0.002–0.006 ICP-AES [53 ] Pakistan — 0.01–0.02 0.1–0.26 0.09–0.14 0.21–0.29 AAS [54 ] Saudi Arabia — — 6.4–7.7 5.8–8.2 — ICP-OES [55 ] Egypt 0.93–3.0 ND‒0.26 — — 0.35–2.0 ICP-OES [56 ]
ND, not detected.