Occurrence of Potential Bacterial Pathogens and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Isolated from Herbal Medicinal Products Sold in Different Markets of Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Table 4

(a) Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of gram negative bacterial isolates from herbal medicinal products in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 1 to May 25, 2013. (b) Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of gram positive bacterial isolates from herbal medicinal products in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 1 to May 25, 2013.

(a)

Bacterial isolate	Total number	Pattern	AMP; number (%)	AML; number (%)	AMC; number (%)	SXT; number (%)	CN; number (%)	F; number (%)	TE; number (%)	C; number (%)	CRO; number (%)	N; number (%)	CIP; number (%)
Enterobacter cloacae	18	S	0 (0)	7 (38.8)	5 (27.7)	15 (83.3)	17 (94.4)	8 (44.4)	15 (83.3)	15 (83.3)	12 (66.6)	16 (88.8)	15 (83.3)
		R	18 (100)	11 (61.1)	13 (72.2)	3 (16.6)	1 (5.4)	10 (55.5)	3 (16.6)	3 (16.6)	6 (33.3)	2 (11.1)	3 (16.6)
Shigella dysenteriae	13	S	2 (15.4)	3 (23)	7 (53.8)	12 (92.3)	12 (92.3)	7 (53.8)	13 (100)	13 (100)	12 (92.3)	12 (92.3)	12 (92.3)
		R	11 (84.6)	10 (76.9)	6 (46.1)	1 (7.7)	1 (7.7)	6 (46.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (7.7)	1 (7.7)	1 (7.7)
Klebsiella pneumonia	11	S	0 (0)	2 (18.2)	5 (45.5)	8 (72.7)	10 (90.9)	6 (54.5)	9 (81.8)	10 (90.9)	7 (63.6)	11 (100)	10 (90.9)
		R	11 (100)	9 (81.8)	6 (54.5)	3 (27.3)	1 (9.1)	5 (45.5)	2 (18.2)	1 (9.1)	4 (36.4)	0 (0)	1 (9.1)
Escherichia coli	10	S	2 (20)	4 (40)	7 (70)	9 (90)	10 (100)	5 (50)	10 (100)	8 (80)	10 (100)	9 (90)	10 (100)
		R	8 (80)	6 (60)	3 (30)	1 (10)	0 (0)	5 (50)	0 (0)	2 (20)	0 (0)	1 (10)	0 (0)
Citrobacter diversus	9	S	1 (11.1)	7 (77.8)	6 (66.7)	9 (100)	9 (100)	5 (55.6)	9 (100)	9 (100)	8 (88.9)	9 (100)	8 (88.9)
		R	8 (88.9)	2 (22.2)	3 (33.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	4 (44.4)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (11.1)	0 (0)	1 (11.1)
Providencia stuartii	8	S	0 (0)	6 (75)	1 (12.5)	8 (100)	8 (100)	1 (12.5)	7 (87.5)	8 (100)	6 (75)	7 (87.5)	7 (87.5)
		R	8 (100)	2 (25)	7 (87.5)	0 (0)	0 (0)	7 (87.5)	1 (12.5)	0 (0)	2 (75)	1 (12.5)	1 (12.5)
Serratia	5	S	3 (60)	4 (80)	4 (80)	5 (100)	5 (100)	3 (60)	4 (80)	5 (100)	5 (100)	5 (100)	5 (100)
		R	2 (40)	1 (20)	1 (20)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (40)	1 (20)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Klebsiella ozaenae	4	S	1 (25)	2 (50)	2 (50)	3 (75)	3 (75)	0 (0)	2 (50)	2 (50)	3 (75)	4 (100)	4 (100)
		R	3 (75)	2 (50)	2 (50)	1 (25)	1 (25)	4 (100)	2 (50)	2 (50)	1 (75)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Enterobacter aerogenes	4	S	0 (0)	2 (50)	1 (25)	3 (75)	4 (100)	1 (25)	3 (75)	4 (100)	2 (50)	3 (75)	3 (75)
		R	4 (100)	2 (50)	3 (75)	1 (25)	0 (0)	3 (75)	1 (25)	0 (0)	2 (50)	1 (25)	1 (25)
Providencia	4	S	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)	4 (100)	4 (100)	1 (25)	4 (100)	3 (75)	3 (75)	3 (75)	3 (75)
		R	3 (75)	3 (75)	3 (75)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (75)	0 (0)	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)
Acinetobacter	4	S	0 (0)	1 (25)	1 (25)	4 (100)	3 (75)	0 (0)	4 (100)	2 (50)	2 (50)	4 (100)	4 (100)
		R	4 (100)	3 (75)	3 (75)	0 (0)	1 (25)	4 (100)	0 (0)	2 (50)	2 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Salmonella spp.	3	S	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (66.7)	3 (100)	3 (100)	2 (66.7)	3 (100)	3 (100)	3 (100)	3 (100)	3 (100)
		R	3 (100)	3 (100)	1 (33.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Citrobacter	3	S	0 (0)	2 (66.7)	0 (0)	3 (100)	3 (100)	2 (66.7)	3 (100)	3 (100)	2 (66.7)	3 (100)	3 (100)
		R	3 (100)	1 (33.3)	3 (100)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	2	S	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (100)	1 (50)	0 (0)	1 (50)	2 (100)	1 (50)	2 (100)	2 (100)
		R	2 (100)	2 (100)	2 (100)	0 (0)	1 (50)	2 (100)	1 (50)	0 (0)	1 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)

AMP: ampicillin, AML: amoxacillin, AMC: amoxicilin + clavulanic acid, SXT: cotrimoxazole, CN: gentamicin, F: nitrofurantoin, TE: tetracycline, C: chloramphenicol, CRO: ceftriaxone, N: norfloxacin, and CIP = ciprofloxacin.

(b)

Bacterial isolate	Total number	Pattern	AMP; (%)	AML; (%)	AMC; (%)	SXT; (%)	CN; (%)	F; (%)	TE; (%)	C; (%)	CRO; (%)	N; (%)	CIP; (%)	CXC; (%)	PEN; (%)	ERY; (%)	V; (%)
Bacillus spp.	31	S	3 (10)	16 (52)	5 (26)	29 (93.5)	31 (100)	21 (68)	30 (97)	30 (97)	22 (71)	16 (94)	31 (100)	14 (45.2)	12 (38.7)	24 (77.4)	23 (74.2)
		R	28 (90)	15 (48)	23 (74)	2 (6.5)	0 (0)	10 (32)	1 (3.2)	1 (3.2)	9 (29)	2 (6.5)	0 (0)	17 (54.8)	19 (61.3)	7 (22.6)	8 (25.8)
Staphylococcus aureus	10	S	2 (20)	6 (60)	6 (60)	10 (100)	10 (100)	6 (60)	9 (90)	10 (100)	9 (90)	10 (100)	10 (100)	7 (70)	4 (40)	10 (100)	10 (100)
		R	8 (80)	4 (40)	4 (40)	0 (0)	0 (0)	4 (40)	1 (10)	0 (0)	1 (10)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (30)	6 (60)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Staphylococcus epidermidis	5	S	1 (20)	3 (60)	2 (40)	3 (60)	5 (100)	5 (100)	5 (100)	5 (100)	3 (60)	4 (80)	4 (80)	5 (100)	2 (40)	3 (60)	5 (100)
		R	4 (80)	2 (40)	3 (60)	2 (40)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (40)	1 (20)	1 (20)	0 (0)	3 (60)	2 (40)	0 (0)
Staphylococcus saprophyticus	2	S	0 (0)	2 (100)	2 (100)	2 (100)	2 (100)	1 (50)	2 (100)	2 (100)	1 (50)	2 (100)	2 (100)	0 (0)	2 (100)	2 (100)	2 (100)
		R	2 (100)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (100)	1 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Streptococcus pyogenes	4	S	3 (75)	3 (75)	4 (100)	3 (75)	3 (75)	3 (75)	4 (100)	4 (100)	2 (50)	3 (75)	3 (75)	3 (75)	1 (50)	0 (0)	4 (100)
		R	1 (25)	1 (25)	0 (0)	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (50)	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)	1 (25)	0 (0)	0 (0)

AMP: ampicillin, CAF: chloramphenicol, N: norfloxacin, AML: amoxacillin, CIP: ciprofloxacin, SXT: cotrimoxazole, CRO: ceftriaxone, CN: gentamicin, TTC: tetracycline, AMC: amoxicilin + clavulanic acid, CXC: cloxacillin, PEN: penicillin, ERY: erythromycin, and V: vancomycin.