Research Article
Distributions and Community Composition of Birds in Iraq’s Central Marsh
Table 4
Species observations and counts (October, 2013–June, 2014) in the Iraqi Central Marsh. Scientific names are provided in Appendix Table
7.
| | Species English name | Species observations & counts (Oct, 2013–Jun, 2014) | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
| (1) | Black Francolin | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | (2) | Greylag Goose | 7 | 0 | 77 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (3) | Mallard | 0 | 0 | 47 | 55 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (4) | Northern Shoveler
| 0 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (5) | Northern Pintail | 0 | 0 | 400 | 175 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (6) | Garganey | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | (7) | Eurasian Teal | 0 | 0 | 66 | 168 | 45 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (8) | Marbled Duck | 0 | 0 | 35 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | (9) | Ferruginous Duck | 0 | 8 | 21 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (10) | Little Grebe | 58 | 42 | 70 | 95 | 81 | 40 | 14 | 30 | 72 | (11) | Great Crested Grebe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (12) | White Stork | 0 | 0 | 380 | 200 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (13) | African Sacred Ibis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (14) | Glossy Ibis | 0 | 0 | 25 | 9 | 2 | 230 | 10 | 0 | 11 | (15) | Eurasian Bittern | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | (16) | Little Bittern | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 111 | 203 | 143 | (17) | Black-Crowned Night Heron | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 21 | 56 | (18) | Squacco Heron | 41 | 132 | 181 | 85 | 116 | 970 | 100 | 39 | 90 | (19) | Cattle Egret | 55 | 83 | 0 | 18 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (20) | Grey Heron | 3 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 51 | 23 | 11 | 0 | 0 | (21) | Purple Heron | 8 | 9 | 19 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 33 | 12 | 8 | (22) | Great White Egret | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (23) | Little Egret | 74 | 68 | 1046 | 750 | 665 | 380 | 33 | 12 | 505 | (24) | Great White pelican | 0 | 0 | 533 | 500 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (25) | Pygmy Cormorant | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 21 | 23 | (26) | Great Cormorant | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (27) | Black-Winged Kite | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (28) | White-Tailed Sea Eagle | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (29) | Cinereous Vulture | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (30) | Short-Toed Snake-Eagle | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (31) | Western Marsh Harrier | 12 | 13 | 28 | 23 | 18 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 0 | (32) | Pallid Harrier | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (33) | Montagu’s Harrier | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (34) | Eurasian Sparrow hawk | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (35) | Long-Legged Buzzard | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (36) | Greater Spotted Eagle | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (37) | Steppe Eagle | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (38) | Common Kestrel | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (39) | Eurasian Hobby | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (40) | Water Rail | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (41) | Little Crake | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (42) | Spotted Crake | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (43) | Purple Swamphen | 0 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 18 | 0 | 2 | (44) | Common Moorhen | 15 | 17 | 10 | 22 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 11 | (45) | Common Coot | 0 | 4 | 87 | 245 | 125 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (46) | Black-Winged Stilt | 28 | 14 | 25 | 236 | 44 | 17 | 136 | 42 | 75 | (47) | Spur-Winged Lapwing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 9 | 7 | (48) | Red-Wattled Lapwing | 12 | 9 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 6 | (49) | White-Tailed Lapwing | 21 | 12 | 24 | 154 | 90 | 40 | 57 | 45 | 48 | (50) | Common Ringed Plover | 9 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (51) | Little Ringed Plover | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | (52) | Kentish Plover | 4 | 10 | 43 | 23 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | (53) | Common Snipe | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 0 | 0 | (54) | Common Redshank | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 8 | 0 | 0 | (55) | Marsh Sandpiper | 0 | 6 | 0 | 19 | 8 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (56) | Common Greenshank | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | (57) | Green Sandpiper | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (58) | Wood Sandpiper | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (59) | Terek Sandpiper | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (60) | Common Sandpiper | 3 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 0 | (61) | Sanderling | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (62) | Little Stint | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0 | (63) | Curlew Sandpiper | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | (64) | Ruff | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 6 | 0 | (65) | Collared Pratincole | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 9 | 4 | (66) | Slender-Billed Gull | 17 | 165 | 480 | 487 | 891 | 163 | 164 | 78 | 90 | (67) | Black-Headed Gull | 0 | 35 | 130 | 246 | 685 | 232 | 149 | 17 | 0 | (68) | Armenian Gull | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 21 | 5 | 0 | 0 | (69) | Gull-Billed Tern | 2 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | (70) | Little Tern | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 9 | 16 | (71) | Common Tern | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | 43 | 9 | 18 | (72) | Whiskered Tern | 53 | 81 | 639 | 741 | 279 | 113 | 61 | 125 | 63 | (73) | White-Winged Tern | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | (74) | Pin-Tailed Sandgrouse | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 16 | 0 | 0 | (75) | European Turtle Dove | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | (76) | Eurasian Collared Dove | 16 | 21 | 36 | 26 | 35 | 23 | 17 | 14 | 6 | (77) | Laughing Dove | 0 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 0 | (78) | Common Barn-Owl | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (79) | Egyptian Nightjar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | (80) | White-Breasted Kingfisher | 9 | 17 | 25 | 38 | 30 | 25 | 10 | 4 | 7 | (81) | Common Kingfisher | 10 | 12 | 29 | 18 | 25 | 17 | 5 | 1 | 3 | (82) | Pied Kingfisher | 236 | 318 | 542 | 500 | 461 | 293 | 269 | 245 | 147 | (83) | Blue-Cheeked Bee-Eater | 10 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | (84) | European Bee-Eater | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | (85) | Eurasian Hoopoe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (86) | Red-Backed Shrike | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | 0 | (87) | Isabelline Shrike | 6 | 8 | 12 | 25 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (88) | Turkestan Isabelline Shrike | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (89) | Lesser Grey Shrike | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 0 | (90) | Eurasian Golden Oriole | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | (91) | Hooded Crow | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (92) | Mesopotamian Crow | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (93) | Crested Lark | 32 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 19 | 24 | (94) | White-Eared Bulbul | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (95) | Sand Martin | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 54 | 5 | 2 | (96) | Barn Swallow | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 29 | 38 | 35 | 12 | (97) | Willow Warbler | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (98) | Common Chiffchaff | 7 | 20 | 38 | 48 | 34 | 8 | 18 | 0 | 0 | (99) | Basra Reed Warbler | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 42 | 66 | (100) | Great Reed Warbler | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | 57 | 42 | (101) | Sedge Warbler | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | (102) | Eurasian Reed-Warbler | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | (103) | Graceful Prinia | 13 | 9 | 11 | 23 | 73 | 41 | 78 | 104 | 61 | (104) | Iraq Babbler | 5 | 7 | 11 | 25 | 27 | 9 | 58 | 17 | 11 | (105) | Afghan (Common) Babbler | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 6 | 18 | 0 | 4 | 0 | (106) | Common Starling | 0 | 42 | 105 | 252 | 549 | 47 | 2 | 1 | 0 | (107) | Song Thrush | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (108) | European Robin | 0 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (109) | Bluethroat | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (110) | Rufous-Tailed Scrub-Robin | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (111) | Common Redstart | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (112) | Whinchat | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | (113) | Common Stonechat | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (114) | Northern Wheatear | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 | (115) | Black-Eared Wheatear | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (116) | House Sparrow | 221 | 142 | 158 | 102 | 158 | 75 | 140 | 70 | 58 | (117) | Spanish Sparrow | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 | (118) | Dead Sea Sparrow | 50 | 450 | 54 | 0 | 30 | 10 | 15 | 4 | 0 | (119) | Yellow Wagtail | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | 86 | 1 | 0 | (120) | Citrine Wagtail | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | (121) | White Wagtail | 51 | 25 | 134 | 80 | 61 | 74 | 9 | 0 | 0 | (122) | Water Pipit | 5 | 26 | 22 | 20 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (123) | Corn Bunting | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (124) | Ortolan Bunting | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (125) | Reed Bunting | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
|