John F. Buford

Ken Kerpez

Yuanqiu Luo

Dave Marples

Stan Moyer

Network-Aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Internet Video

Streaming video over the Internet, including cellular networks, has now become a commonplace. Network operators typically use multicasting or variants of multiple unicasting to deliver streams to the user terminal in a controlled fashion. P2P streaming is an emerging alternative, which is theoretically more scalable but suffers from other issues arising from the dynamic nature of the system. Users&#39; terminals become streaming nodes but they are not constantly connected. Another issue is that they are based on logical overlays, which are not optimized for the physical underlay infrastructure. An important proposition is to find effective ways to increase the resilience of the overlay whilst at the same time not conflicting with the network. In this article we look at the combination of two techniques, redundant streaming and locality awareness, in the context of both live and video-on-demand streaming. We introduce a new technique and assess it via a comparative, simulation-based study. We find that redundancy affects network utilization only marginally if traffic is kept at the edges via localization techniques.

Majed Alhaisoni

Mohammed Ghanbari

Antonio Liotta

Localized Multistreams for P2P Streaming

Peer-to-peer is emerging as a potentially disruptive
technology for content distribution in the mobile Internet. In
addition to the already well-known peer-to-peer file sharing, real-time
peer-to-peer streaming is gaining popularity. This paper
presents an effective real-time peer-to-peer streaming system for
the mobile environment. The basis for the system is a scalable
overlay network which groups peer into clusters according to
their proximity using RTT values between peers as a criteria for
the cluster selection. The actual media delivery in the system is
implemented using the partial RTP stream concept: the original
RTP sessions related to a media delivery are split into a number
of so-called partial streams according to a predefined set of
parameters in such a way that it allows low-complexity reassembly
of the original media session in real-time at the receiving
end. Partial streams also help in utilizing the upload capacity
with finer granularity than just per one original stream. This
is beneficial in mobile environments where bandwidth can be scarce.

Jani Peltotalo

Jarmo Harju

Lassi Väätämöinen

Imed Bouazizi

Igor D. D. Curcio

RTSP-based Mobile Peer-to-Peer Streaming System

This paper presents a solution for reducing the ill effects of free-riders in decentralised unstructured P2P networks. An autonomous replication scheme is proposed to improve the availability and enhance system performance. Q-learning is widely employed in different situations to improve the accuracy in decision making by each peer. Based on the performance of neighbours of a peer, every neighbour is awarded different levels of ranks. At the same time a low-performing node is allowed to improve its rank in different ways. Simulation results show that Q-learning-based free riding control mechanism effectively limits the services received by free-riders and also encourages the low-performing neighbours to improve their position. The popular files are autonomously replicated to nodes possessing required parameters. Due to this improvement of quantity of popular files, free riders are given opportunity to lift their position for active participation in the network for sharing files. Q-feed effectively manages queries from free riders and reduces network traffic significantly.

Sabu M. Thampi

Chandra Sekaran K

&#8220;Q-Feed&#8221;&#8212;An Effective Solution for the Free-Riding Problem in Unstructured P2P Networks

In this work, we develop a general methodology to assess the level of network awareness and friendliness of
P2P-TV applications. The methodology is based on a combination of active and passive measurement techniques
and can be applied to any P2P-TV system since it is designed to work considering such systems as a black-boxes.
As an interesting case study, we then apply this methodology to PPLive, one of the most popular P2P-TV systems
nowadays. Focusing on the video content distribution, we consider several per-path and per-peer metrics, investigating
which of them mostly biases PPLive download preferences. Furthermore, in order to refine the picture of PPLive
peer selection policy, we not only study the impact of different metrics in isolation, but also assess the joint impact
of different metrics at the same time. Our main finding is that PPLive seems mainly bandwidth greedy, but does not show any preference toward peer proximity based on RTT delay; at the same time, our results also suggest that this choice alone may provide a nonnegligible level of geographical clustering among peers as a beneficial side effect.

Dario Rossi

Paolo Veglia

A Hybrid Approach to Assess the Network Awareness of P2P-TV Applications

Current vehicular networks are developed upon
commercial solutions based on cellular networks (CNs) or vehicular
ad-hoc networks (VANETs), both present in numerous
research proposals. Current approximations are not enough to
cover the communication necessities of several applications at
the same time, and they are not suitable for future vehicular
pervasive services. The vehicular network presented in this paper
fills the existent gap between solutions lacking in flexibility,
mainly supported by an infrastructure deployment, and those
highly local and distributed, such as sole-VANET approximations.
In this manner, an overlay communication platform which can
work over the CN basis has been designed and developed. This
architecture is complemented by an additional support of an
information system located at the infrastructure side. Moreover,
since most of the information received from current notification
services is not relevant for the driver, an additional subsystem has
been devised to provide adapted information to users. This has
been carried out by means of an ontology model which represents
users' preferences and contextual information. Finally, using a
whole prototype of the telematic platform, the performance of
this interring process has been evaluated to point out its impact
on the system operation.

José Santa

Andrés Muñoz

Antonio F. Gómez-Skarmeta

Providing Adapted Contextual Information in an Overlay Vehicular Network

This paper presents recent research into P2P distribution of video that can be highly localized, preferably sharing content among users on the same access network and Central Office (CO). Models of video demand and localized P2P serving areas are presented. Detailed simulations of passive optical networks (PON) are run, and these generate statistics of P2P video localization. Next-Generation PON (NG-PON) is shown to fully enable P2P video localization, but the lower rates of Gigabit-PON (GPON) restrict performance. Results here show that nearly all of the traffic volume of unicast video could be delivered via localized P2P. Strong growth in video delivery via localized P2P could lower overall future aggregation and core network bandwidth of IP video traffic by 58.2&#37;, and total consumer Internet traffic by 43.5&#37;. This assumes aggressive adoption of technologies and business practices that enable highly localized P2P video.

Frank J. Effenberger

Bandwidth Reduction via Localized Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Video

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International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting provides a forum for engineers and researchers whose interests are in digital multimedia broadcasting to share recent developments and challenges in order to design new and improved systems.

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International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting | Hindawi

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International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting provides a forum for engineers and researchers whose interests are in digital multimedia broadcasting to share recent developments and challenges in order to design new and improved systems.

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International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

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This Issue is now open for submissions.
Papers are published upon acceptance, regardless of the Special Issue publication date.

International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

Network-Aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Internet Video

Network-Aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Internet Video

Articles

Network-Aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Internet Video

Localized Multistreams for P2P Streaming

RTSP-based Mobile Peer-to-Peer Streaming System

“Q-Feed”—An Effective Solution for the Free-Riding Problem in Unstructured P2P Networks

A Hybrid Approach to Assess the Network Awareness of P2P-TV Applications

Providing Adapted Contextual Information in an Overlay Vehicular Network

Bandwidth Reduction via Localized Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Video