Thyroid Autoimmunity in the Context of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Vitamin D
Table 1
Descriptive characteristics of the study population.
Normal
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
234
264
Male gender (female)
89 (38)
109 (41)
NS
Age (years)
72.2 (6.5)
67.6 (9.7)
0.0001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
30.6 (4.9)
31.6 (5.7)
0.032
Type 2 diabetes mellitus duration (years)
N/A
10.0 (8.4)
Glycated haemoglobin (%)
4.7 (0.5)
7.1 (1.5)
0.0001
25-Hydroxy-vitamin D (ng/mL)
22.6 (12.6)
16.5 (10.4)
0.0001
Presence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency
172 (73.5%)
215 (81.4)
0.04
Thyroid peroxidase Ab (IU/mL)
60 (156)
90 (200)
0.005
Thyroglobulin Ab (IU/mL)
44 (131)
54 (136)
NS
Thyroid autoimmunity
18 (7.7)
38 (14.4)
0.018
Thyroid stimulating hormone (μIU/mL)
1.95 (1.60)
2.25 (3.64)
NS
Hypothyroidism
8 (3.4)
11 (4.2)
NS
Data presented as mean (standard deviation) or (%). values refer to Mann-Whitney test or Pearson chi-square. NS: nonsignificant at the level of 0.05. Abs: autoantibodies.
