New Insights on the Evolutionary History of Aphids and Their Primary Endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola

Table 1

Relative rate tests for the 338 concatenated protein-coding genes shared by the four B. aphidicola strains included in this study plus E. coli ^a: (a) nonsynonymous sites, (b) all nucleotides, and (c) amino acids.

(a)

Taxon 1	Taxon 2	Taxon 3	𝐾12	𝐾13	𝐾23	𝐾13−𝐾23	𝐾01/𝐾02
BAp	BSg	Eco	0.152	0.339	0.348	−0.009	0.89
BAp	BBp	Eco	0.319	0.339	0.395	−0.056	0.70
BAp	BCc	Eco	0.380	0.339	0.494	−0.155	0.42
BSg	BBp	Eco	0.319	0.348	0.395	−0.047	0.74
BSg	BCc	Eco	0.377	0.348	0.494	−0.146	0.44
BBp	BCc	Eco	0.392	0.395	0.494	−0.099	0.60

(b)

Taxon 1	Taxon 2	Taxon 3	𝐾12	𝐾13	𝐾23	𝐾13−𝐾23	𝐾01/𝐾02
BAp	BSg	Eco	0.242	0.617	0.630	−0.013	0.89
BAp	BBp	Eco	0.421	0.617	0.685	−0.068	0.72
BAp	BCc	Eco	0.452	0.617	0.791	−0.174	0.50
BSg	BBp	Eco	0.417	0.63	0.685	−0.055	0.77
BSg	BCc	Eco	0.445	0.63	0.791	−0.161	0.47
BBp	BCc	Eco	0.463	0.685	0.791	−0.106	0.62

(c)

Taxon 1	Taxon 2	Taxon 3	𝐾12	𝐾13	𝐾23	𝐾13−𝐾23	𝐾01/𝐾02
BAp	BSg	Eco	0.350	0.814	0.842	−0.028	0.85
BAp	BBp	Eco	0.845	0.814	1.001	−0.187	0.64
BAp	BCc	Eco	1.126	0.814	1.410	−0.596	0.30
BSg	BBp	Eco	0.850	0.842	1.001	−0.159	0.68
BSg	BCc	Eco	1.180	0.842	1.410	−0.568	0.33
BBp	BCc	Eco	1.186	1.001	1.410	−0.409	0.48

aIn each test, taxa 1 and 2 represent B. aphidicola strains, taxon 3 represents E. coli, and taxon 0 represents the last common ancestor of taxa 1 and 2.
𝐾_𝑖𝑗 is the estimate of substitutions per site between taxon 𝑖 and taxon 𝑗.