GC-MS Analysis and Study of the Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus paradisi, Citrus aurantifolia, and Citrus sinensis Peel Essential Oils as Hand Sanitizer

Table 10

Chemical composition of lime essential oil by GC-MS analysis.

Essential oil	Most abundant components	Formula	Chemical class	% area
Lime
1	D-limonene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	25.5
2	γ-Terpinene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	11.3
3	α-Citral	C10H16O	Aldehydes	9.68
4	β-Pinene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	9.39
5	Cis-citral	C10H16O	Aldehydes	8.09
6	Cis-geraniol	C10H18O	Alcohols	5.12
7	α-Terpineol	C10H18O	Alcohols	4.28
8	Geraniol	C10H18O	Alcohols	4.23
9	β-Bisabolene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	4.05
10	Trans α-bergamotene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	3.24
11	Isocaryophyllene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	2.61
12	Terpinen-4-ol	C10H18O	Alcohols	2.18
13	β-Linalool	C10H18O	Alcohols	1.85
14	4(10)-Thujene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	1.12
15	Cyclohexane, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-,[1S (1.alpha.,2.beta.,4.beta.)]-	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	1.02
16	Cyclohexene, 4-ethenyl-4-methyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-,(3R-trans)-	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	1.00
17	2-Carene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.89
18	α-Pinene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.71
19	β-Myrcene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.54
20	Germacrene D	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	0.42
21	β-Ocimene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.40
22	Humulene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	0.38
23	2(10) Pinen-3-ol, (1S, 3R, 5S)-(−)-	C10H16O	Alcohols	0.30
24	Endo-borneol	C10H18O	Alcohols	0.25
25	γ-Elemene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	0.22
26	(+)-2-Carene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.20
27	Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-	C10H14	Hydrocarbons	0.18
28	3-Pinanone, cis	C10H16O	Ketone	0.18
29	α-Bergamotene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	0.17
30	Cis-α-bisabolene	C15H24	Hydrocarbons	0.16
31	α-Phellandrene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.09
32	2-Cyclohexen-1-ol,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)	C10H18O	Alcohols	0.09
33	8-Decen-2-one, 9-methyl-5-methylene-	C12H20O	Ketone	0.09
34	Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one,1,2,4-trimethyl-3-nitro-,(2-endo,3-exo,4-exo)-(.+-.)-	C12H19NO3	Nitro compounds	0.08
35	Camphene	C10H16	Hydrocarbons	0.04
% Oxygenated compounds				36.34
% Hydrocarbon compounds				63.6
Monoterpenes C10H16 : sesquiterpenes C15H24				3.7