Research Article
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Southwestern Uganda
Table 3
Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses for associated factors.
| Variable | IDA, frequency (%) | cOR (95% CI) | value | AOR (95% CI) | value | No (%) | Yes (%) |
| Age (months) | | | | | | | 6-11 | 68 (31.9) | 45 (29.8) | 1.22 (0.68-2.17) | 0.51 | | | 12-17 | 88 (41.3) | 75 (49.7) | 1.57 (0.92-2.68) | 0.10 | | | 18-23 | 57 (26.8) | 31 (20.5) | Ref | | | | Sex | Female | 108 (50.7) | 58 (38.4) | Ref | | Ref | | Male | 105 (49.3) | 93 (61.6) | 1.65 (1.08-2.52) | 0.02 | 1.61 (1.03-2.53) | 0.04 | Gestation age (at birth) | | | | | | Premature | 15 (7.0) | 16 (10.6) | Ref | | | | Term | 198 (93.0) | 135 (89.4) | 0.64 (0.31-1.34) | 0.23 | | | Birth weight (kg) | | | | | | | <2.5 | 19 (8.9) | 19 (12.6) | Ref | | | | ≥2.5 | 194 (91.1) | 132 (87.4) | 0.68 (0.35-1.33) | 0.26 | | | Maternal age (years) | | | | | | ≤20 | 11 (5.2) | 3 (2.0) | 0.38 (0.07-2.13) | 0.27 | | | 21-30 | 138 (64.8) | 110 (72.8) | 1.12 (0.35-3.61) | 0.86 | | | 31-40 | 57 (26.8) | 33 (21.9) | 0.81 (0.24-2.76) | 0.74 | | | >40 | 7 (3.3) | 5 (3.3) | Ref | | | | Maternal level of education | | | | | | Primary | 67 (31.5) | 44 (29.1) | 1.01 (0.61-1.67) | 0.98 | | | Secondary | 57 (26.8) | 49 (32.5) | 1.32 (0.80-2.19) | 0.28 | | | Tertiary | 89 (41.8) | 58 (38.4) | Ref | | | | Maternal occupation | | | | | | Housewife | 42 (19.7) | 37 (24.5) | 1.36 (0.76-2.47) | 0.30 | | | Formal employment | 64 (30.0) | 37 (24.5) | 0.90 (0.51-1.57) | 0.70 | | | Business | 42 (19.7) | 35 (23.2) | 1.29 (0.71-2.33) | 0.40 | | | Peasant | 65 (30.5) | 42 (27.8) | Ref | | | | Stunted | | | | | | | No | 149 (70.0) | 110 (72.8) | Ref | | | | Yes | 64 (30.0) | 41 (27.2) | 1.09 (0.82-1.44) | 0.55 | | | Wasted | | | | | | | No | 173 (81.2) | 120 (79.5) | Ref | | | | Yes | 40 (18.8) | 31 (20.5) | 1.12 (0.66-1.89) | 0.68 | | | HIV status | | | | | | | Negative | 209 (98.1) | 143 (94.7) | Ref | | | | Positive | 1 (0.5) | 3 (2.0) | 2.44 (0.57-10.35) | 0.23 | | | Sero-exposed | 3 (1.4) | 5 (3.3) | 4.39 (0.45-42.57) | 0.20 | | | Pneumonia | | | | | | | No | 171 (80.3) | 119 (78.8) | Ref | | | | Yes | 42 (19.7) | 32 (21.2) | 1.10 (0.65-1.83) | 0.73 | | | Current fever | | | | | | | No | 138 (64.8) | 89 (58.9) | Ref | | | | Yes | 75 (35.2) | 62 (41.1) | 1.28 (0.84-1.97) | 0.26 | | | History of fever in last 2 weeks | | | | | | No | 108 (50.7) | 70 (46.4) | Ref | | | | Yes | 105 (49.3) | 81 (53.6) | 1.19 (0.78-1.81) | 0.41 | | | Current diarrhoea episode | | | | | | No | 169 (79.3) | 105 (69.5) | Ref | | Ref | | Yes | 44 (20.7) | 46 (30.5) | 1.68 (1.04-2.72) | 0.03 | 1.71 (1.03-2.82) | 0.04 | Diarrhoea history in last 2 weeks | | | | | | No | 149 (70.0) | 114 (75.5) | Ref | | | | Yes | 64 (30.0) | 37 (24.5) | 0.76 (0.47-1.21) | 0.24 | | | Deworming in last 3 months | | | | | | No | 79 (46.7) | 59 (48.8) | 0.92 (0.58-1.47) | 0.74 | | | Yes | 90 (53.3) | 62 (51.2) | Ref | | | | Exclusive breastfeeding | | | | | | ≤6 months | 194 (91.1) | 142 (94.0) | 0.65 (0.28-1.47) | 0.30 | | | >6 months | 19 (8.9) | 9 (6.0) | Ref | | | | Dietary diversity | | | | | | | Poor | 135 (63.4) | 100 (66.2) | 1.08 (0.83-1.40) | 0.58 | | | Good | 78 (36.6) | 51 (33.8) | Ref | | | | Acceptable meal frequency | | | | | | No | 89 (41.8) | 84 (55.6) | 1.38 (1.08-1.77) | 0.01 | 1.78 (1.14-2.77) | 0.01 | Yes | 124 (58.2) | 67 (44.4) | Ref | | Ref | | Dietary intake in the last 7 days | | | | | | Meat | | | | | | | Never | 71 (33.3) | 48 (31.8) | 0.68 (0.21-2.22) | 0.52 | | | Once | 61 (28.6) | 48 (31.8) | 0.79 (0.24-2.60) | 0.69 | | | 2-5 times | 75 (35.2) | 49 (32.5) | 0.65 (0.20-2.14) | 0.48 | | | >5 times | 6 (2.8) | 6 (4.0) | Ref | | | | Fish | | | | | | | Never | 132 (62.0) | 98 (64.9) | 2.04 (0.63-6.60) | 0.23 | | | Once | 45 (21.1) | 30 (19.9) | 1.83 (0.53-6.30) | 0.34 | | | 2-5 times | 25 (11.7) | 19 (12.6) | 2.09 (0.58-7.60) | 0.26 | | | >5 times | 11 (5.2) | 4 (2.6) | Ref | | | | Vegetables | | | | | | | Never | 40 (18.8) | 50 (33.1) | 2.50 (1.44-4.35) | <0.01 | 2.47 (1.35-4.52) | <0.01 | Once | 64 (30.0) | 44 (29.1) | 1.38 (0.81-2.34) | 0.24 | 1.41 (0.80-2.47) | 0.23 | 2-5 times | 23 (10.8) | 14 (9.3) | 1.22 (0.57-2.60) | 0.61 | 1.15 (0.52-2.55) | 0.73 | >5 times | 86 (40.4) | 43 (28.5) | Ref | | Ref | | Chicken | | | | | | | Never | 170 (79.8) | 111 (73.5) | 3.92 (0.47-32.99) | 0.21 | | | Once | 24 (11.3) | 34 (22.5) | 8.50 (0.96-75.23) | 0.05 | | | 2-5 times | 13 (6.1) | 5 (3.3) | 2.31 (0.22-24.32) | 0.49 | | | >5 times | 6 (2.8) | 1 (0.7) | Ref | | | | Fruits | | | | | | | Never | 49 (23.0) | 37 (24.5) | 1.46 (0.80-2.69) | 0.22 | 1.10 (0.57-2.14) | 0.78 | Once | 75 (35.2) | 70 (46.4) | 1.81 (1.05-3.11) | 0.03 | 1.97 (1.11-3.52) | 0.02 | 2-5 times | 29 (13.6) | 13 (8.6) | 0.87 (0.40-1.90) | 0.72 | 0.92 (0.40-2.07) | 0.83 | >5 times | (28.2) | 31 (20.5) | Ref | | Ref | |
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Based on WHO child growth standards. |