Acute respiratory failure caused by different origins continues to be the major etiology of morbidity and mortality in critical neonates. There has been much advancement in neonatal respiratory care, but a few neonates with severe respiratory failure continue to be candidates for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or survive with chronic lung diseases. Therefore, searching for ideal respiratory care strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates is crucial for caring for critical neonates.

The main focus of this special issue will be on the existing and potential strategies or techniques in neonatal respiratory care. Reviews that summarize the results of current experimental and clinical trials in neonatal respiratory care are welcome. The special issue will become an international forum for clinicians and researchers to summarize the most recent developments and ideas in this field, with a special emphasis given to the technical and observational results obtained within the last five years. The topics to be covered include, but are not limited to:

• Nasal prong continuous positive airway pressure
• Conventional mechanical ventilation
• High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
• Inhaled nitric oxide
• Surfactant replacement therapy
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• Liquid-assisted ventilation
• Anti-inflammatory therapy
• Inhalation therapy
• Respiratory distress syndrome
• Meconium aspiration syndrome
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
• Ventilator-associated pneumonia
• Chronic lung disease

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijped/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: