Smartphone Application for Celiac Patients: Assessing Its Effect on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 2

The comparison of the GSRS total scores and subscores between studied groups.

Variables	Application group ()		Placebo ()		value#	value##
	Before	After	Before	After
GSRS total score					0.57	0.36
CD-GSRS					0.99	0.14
Abdominal pain					0.24	0.31
Reflux					0.38	0.09
Indigestion					0.40	0.002
Diarrhea					0.58	0.40
Constipation					0.07	0.47

GSRS: gastrointestinal symptom rating scale; CD-GSRS: celiac disease-gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. # value of independent t-test. ## value of one-way ANCOVA with adjusting to age, sex, disease duration, and baseline values.