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| Num | Tool name | Developer | Goal | Items | Score method | Description |
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| 1 | Quebec Low Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) [32] | Kopec et al. [32] | Considering functional limitations related to pain, monitoring patients’ progress, and comparing the evolution of LBP individuals in rehabilitation programs | 20 daily activities | Scoring from 0 means “performing the activity without problems” and 10 means “unable to do” | Patients should choose the score that best describes their current level of ability in each activity |
| 2 | Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) [33] | Fairbank et al. [33] | The target population of this scale is people who suffer from acute back pain. This scale is used by clinicians and researchers to quantify back pain disability | 10 daily activities | They are rated from 0 “I have no pain” to 5 “The pain is the worst possible” | It is most effective for persistent severe disability and is published in at least four formats in English and nine languages |
| 3 | Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) [19] | Roland-Morrisn et al. [34] | The target population of this scale is very suitable for patients with acute, subacute, or chronic low-back pain with mild to moderate pain | Scale of 24, 18, and 11 questions | Average scores | This scale is best suited for mild to moderate back pain disability and can be completed in person, electronically, or over the phone |
| 4 | Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPGS) [35] | Von Korff et al. [35] | For use in all chronic pain conditions including chronic musculoskeletal disorders (MSK) and back pain | 7 indicators | Based on numerical scores, which are scored from 0 “no pain” and 10 “unbearable pain” | This scale was designed before the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health of the World Health Organization (ICF). However, recent studies have shown that this index measures all ICF criteria |
| 5 | Patient-Specific Functional (PSFS ([36] | Stratford et al. [36] | To provide clinicians with a valid, reliable, responsive, and efficient outcome measure for the management of back pain and neck pain, easy to use, and applicable to a large number of clinical presentations | 11-point Likert indicators of five important activities | “0” indicates “unable to perform,” and “10” indicates “ability to perform at previous level” | It includes two stages before and after the intervention |
| 6 | P4 Screener [37] | Cole et al. [37] | Attempts were made to improve the “one-dimensional rating scale” | 4 indicators (morning, afternoon, evening, and activity during the last 2 days) | Scores from 0 (no pain) to 10 (highest possible pain level) | Ability to complete in less than a minute and analyze in 5 seconds |
| 7 | Neck Pain Disability Index Questionnaire (NPAD) [38] | Goolkasian et al. [38] | This scale is specially prepared for patients with neck pain | 20 indicators | Points based on numerical scoring | It is valid for assessing outcomes in patients with neck pain. It is easy to complete and grade |
| 8 | Copenhagen Neck Disability Scale (CNFDS) [39] | Jordan et al. [39] | A useful tool for self-care of patients with neck complaints treated with physiotherapy | Including questions related to headaches, ability to sleep, concentration, and activities of daily living, as well as questions of a psychosocial nature | Scoring as “yes,” “sometimes,” and “no” | Available for patients from 20 to 75 years |
| 9 | Northwick Park Questionnaire (NPQ) [40] | Northwick Park Hospital | Objective measurement for outcome assessment and symptom monitoring in patients with acute or chronic neck pain over time | The 9th five-part section and the 10th question are related to the comparison of the current status with the status of the last completion time | Score based on numerical scoring | Good reliability, high internal consistency, and sensitivity to change |
| 10 | Neck Disability Index (NDI) [20] | Vernon et al. [20] | Use to evaluate the condition of patients and the evolution process during treatment | 10 six-part sections | Score based on numerical scoring | The target population includes people with chronic neck or upper back pain, radiculopathy, neck injuries, and thoracic disc syndrome |
| 11 | Bournemouth Questionnaire (BQ) [41] | Bolton [41] | The scale is based on ICF dimensions, which also pays attention to the emotional and cognitive aspects of neck pain and back pain. It is designed for patients with nonspecific back or neck pain | 7 questions | Points from zero to 10 for each question | The first version is for measuring different dimensions of pain in patients with back pain, and the second version is for evaluating pain in patients with nonspecific neck pain |
| 12 | Functional Rating Index (FRI) [42, 43] | Feise and Menke [43] | To assess the condition of the neck, chest, and back, which reduces the need for multiple scales for diseases of the spine | 10 questions | Points from 0 to 4 for each question | Adequate validity and reliability, requiring only one minute to complete and approximately 20 seconds for clinician scoring |
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