A Fibrin-Based Tissue-Engineered Renal Proximal Tubule for Bioartificial Kidney Devices: Development, Characterization and In Vitro Transport Study

Figure 2

Functionality of cell-hollow fiber as assessed by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Epifluorescent images of consecutive sections of the immunostained cell-seeded hollow fiber for tight junction ZO-1 (green), α-SMA, and Hoechst 33342 nuclei stain: (a) transverse and (b) cross-sectional view of a representative hollow fiber section (scale bar = 500 μm). Close-ups of the (c) cross-sectional view and (d) transverse view (confocal image projection) revealing a cell monolayer in the hollow fiber (scale bar = 100 μm). (e) Scanning microscope image of the cell-laden hollow fiber (black scale bar = 200 μm) with the (f) close-up showing microvilli expression on the cell surface (black scale bar = 5 μm). Some regions of the images are out of focus due to the curvature of the hollow fiber.