Long-Term Clinical and Imaging Findings in Patients with Lower Extremity Varicose Veins Treated with Endovenous Laser Treatment: A Follow-Up Study of up to 12 Years

Table 4

Comparing quality of life (QoL) changes in patients with varicose veins before and after endovenous laser treatment: insights from SF-36 questionnaire subscales.

Items	Before procedure, () [median, IQR]	After long-term follow-up, () [median, IQR]	value
Physical functioning	[75, 20]	[90, 10]	<0.001
Role limitations due to physical health	[25, 50]	[87.5, 25]	<0.001
Role limitations due to emotional problems	[100, 33.3]	[100, 0]	0.001
Energy/fatigue	[40, 15]	[40, 10]	0.091
Emotional well-being	[30, 8]	[32, 8]	0.12
Social functioning	[37.5, 12.5]	[75, 12.5]	<0.001
Pain	[32.5, 20]	[77.5, 23.8]	<0.001
General health	[45, 18.8]	[52.5, 18.8]	0.009
Total physical score	[183.8, 61.9]	[307.5, 60]	<0.001
Total mental score	[198.8, 46.1]	[238.5, 29.1]	<0.001
Total QoL score	[388.3, 105.8]	[547.3, 89.8]	<0.001

Abbreviations: SD: standard deviation; QoL: quality of life; IQR: interquartile range.