Research Article
Energy Management Strategy Implementation for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Genetic Algorithm Tuned Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle Controller
Table 3
Fuel economy comparison for different battery models.
| Battery model | Fuel economy (mpgge) | Trace analysis | With GA | Without GA | Percentage improvement |
| conventional model | 55.9208 | 44.9785 | 24.3278 | With trace miss | model | 60.6184 | 51.0401 | 18.7662 | No trace miss | 1 RC model | 60.6250 | 51.3732 | 18.00 | No trace miss | 2 RC model | 60.5423 | 51.1247 | 18.428 | No trace miss |
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With modified SOC estimation method.
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