Benthic Macroinvertebrates along the Haraz Downstream in Southern Caspian Sea Basin: In Gradient of the Physicochemical Parameters

Table 1

Mean values (±standard deviation) of the physicochemical parameters.

	Site 1	Site 2	Site 3
Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	4.47 ± 0.36^a	4.10 ± 0.48^ab	3.84 ± 0.41^b
Fecal coliforms (cfu/100 mL)	19.77 ± 19.43^a	78.82 ± 41.07^b	181.06 ± 83.04^c
pH	8.02 ± 0.09^a	7.95 ± 0.10^a	7.82 ± 0.17^a
Temperature (°C)	22.69 ± 5.05^a	23.21 ± 7.84^a	24.08 ± 6.30^a
BOD5 (mg/L)	14.15 ± 7.22^a	35.69 ± 19.01^b	50.06 ± 17.13^b
Nitrate (mg/L)	2.41 ± 0.96^a	3.59 ± 1.22^ab	4.34 ± 1.07^b
Phosphate (mg/L)	0.06 ± 0.02^a	0.12 ± 0.04^b	0.11 ± 0.04^b
Turbidity (NTU)	365.25 ± 116.47^a	344.16 ± 96.52^a	298.65 ± 153.94^a
Total solid (mg/L)	614.40 ± 231.61^a	578.26 ± 219.75^a	564.76 ± 341.02^a
Water flow (m^3/s)	7.82 ± 2.01^a	4.49 ± 1.73^b	0.67 ± 2.19^c

Letter case (superscript): variation among sites.