CRASH-2 Study of Tranexamic Acid to Treat Bleeding in Trauma Patients: A Controversy Fueled by Science and Social Media

Table 1

Randomized controlled trials involving TXA use.

Study	Author(s)	Description	Year	Outcomes	Recommendations
CRASH-2 [1]	Shakur et al.	20,211 pts with recruitment by “uncertainty principle”	2010	All-cause mortality 14.5% tranexamic acid (TXA) group versus 16.0% placebo group, ; vascular occlusion 0.3% TXA group versus 0.5% placebo group,	Tranexamic acid should be used in bleeding trauma patients
PATCH [10]	Gruen et al.	1184 pts in shock determined by COAST criteria	July 2014 start date	Ongoing study
STAAMP [11]	Universities of Pittsburgh, Rochester, Texas at San Antonio, and Utah	1000 pts with prehospital shock and nonshock	July 2015 start date	Ongoing study
TAMPITI [12]	Spinella and Bochicchio	150 pts who received one blood product and/or immediate transfer to OR	Fall 2015–Spring 2017	Ongoing study
Tranexamic Acid in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery [13]	Kiner	100 pts with orthopaedic trauma (hip or knee)	May 2012–Dec. 2015	Ongoing study