Serum Cystatin C, Markers of Chronic Kidney Disease, and Retinopathy in Persons with Diabetes
Table 2
Association between markers of CKD and moderate DR in the study population.
(cases)
Prevalence of moderate DR, %
Age, sex adjusted
Multivariable
1119 (115)
OR (95% CI)
OR (95% CI)*
eGFRcr
≥60
991 (81)
8.2
1 (Reference)
1 (Reference)
<60
128 (34)
26.6
4.33 (2.66–7.04)
5.21 (2.94–9.21)
eGFRcys
≥60
894 (68)
7.6
1 (Reference)
1 (Reference)
<60
225 (47)
20.9
3.75 (2.37–5.93)
5.27 (3.08–9.02)
Albuminuria
No
680 (39)
5.7
1 (Reference)
1 (Reference)
Yes
324 (76)
23.4
4.05 (2.69–6.10)
2.50 (1.58–3.96)
CKD
None by all
581 (24)
4.1
1 (Reference)
1 (Reference)
Any 1 marker
379 (48)
12.7
3.59 (2.15–6.01)
2.33 (1.33–4.11)
Any 2 markers
103 (20)
19.4
7.31 (3.66–14.60)
8.00 (3.72–17.17)
All 3 markers
56 (23)
41.1
19.66 (9.68–39.91)
13.63 (6.08–30.54)
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation. *Model adjusted for age (years), gender (men, women), body mass index (kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), HbA1c (%) and diabetes duration (years).
