Does Pre-existing Diabetes Correlate with Long COVID-19 in Europe? Evidence from the Analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe’s Corona Surveys
Table 1
Descriptive statistics for study variables by long COVID-19 status.
Variable
Category
Frequency () (unweighted)
Percent (%) (weighted)
With long COVID-19 (%) (weighted)
Without long COVID-19 (%) (weighted)
Long COVID-19
No
1,118
33.2
Yes
2,873
66.8
Missing
13
Diabetes
No
3,425
86.8
85.6
89.1
Yes
579
13.2
14.4
10.9
Sex
Male
1,641
44.9
41.6
51.5
Female
2,363
55.2
58.5
48.5
Age
<59
651
40.0
41.0
38.2
60-69
1,779
34.2
32.8
36.7
70-79
1,134
16.9
17.0
16.6
80+
440
8.9
9.2
8.5
Mean [SD]
68.0 [8.6]
64.6 [9.2]
64.5 [8.9]
64.7 [9.9]
Hospitalized
No
3,484
88.7
85.5
95.1
Yes
508
11.3
14.5
4.9
Missing
12
Hypertension
No
2,140
59.4
57.1
64.1
Yes
1,848
40.6
42.9
35.9
Missing
16
Weight status
Normal/underweight
1,144
33.1
30.2
38.3
Overweight
1,594
43.1
43.0
43.5
Obese
1,168
23.8
26.8
18.2
Missing
98
Source: SHARE, Corona Survey 1 and 2, and SHARE waves 7 and 8 (). Calibrated cross-sectional sampling weights from the Corona Survey 2 were used. SD: standard deviation.
