Dyslipidemias: Prevalence and Associated Factors among Lactating Women in a Lower- and Middle-Income Country, Ghana

Table 6

Result of multinomial logistic regression analysis.

Dyslipidemia type	Parameter			Standard error	Exp (B)/AOR	95% CI AOR
Hypocholesterolemia	Age		-0.038	0.029	0.963	0.910-1.019	<0.001
	Religion	Muslim; Christianity	0.030; 0^b	0.495	1.030	0.391-2.716	0.952
	Educational status	Educated; Noneducated	-1.008; 0^b	0.490	0.365	0.140-0.954	0.040
	Occupation	Employed; Unemployed	-0.313; 0^b	0.452	0.731	0.301-1.773	0.488
	Residence	Urban; Rural	-0.060; 0^b	0.517	0.942	0.342-2.595	0.908
	Income	Low; Middle; High	0.610; 0.602; 0^b	0.807; 0.744	1.841; 1.825	0.378-8.955; 0.425-7.840	0.450; 0.418
	Exercise level	None; Often; Maybe	-0.253; -0.335; 0^b	0.486; 0.447	0.777; 0.715	0.299-2.015; 0.298-1.717	0.603; 0.453
	Alcohol intake	No; Yes	0.450; 0^b	0.823	1.568	0.312-7.875	0.585
	Type of breastfeeding	Nonexclusive; Exclusive	-0.027; 0^b	0.403	0.974	0.442-2.145	0.947
	Duration of lactation	>6 months; <6 months	-0.282; 0^b	0.425	0.754	0.328-1.733	0.506
	Delivery outcome	Twin; Singleton	0.027; 0^b	0.628	1.027	0.300-3.518	0.966
	Parity	Uniparous; Multiparous	0.015; 0^b	0.388	1.015	0.474-2.174	0.969
Hypercholesterolemia	Age		-0.50	0.031	0.951	0.896-1.010	0.103
	Religion	Muslim; Christianity	-0.980; 0^b	0.488	0.375	0.144-0.978	0.045
	Educational status	Educated; Noneducated	-0.769; 0^b	0.554	0.464	0.156-1.374	0.165
	Occupation	Employed; Unemployed	-0.637; 0^b	0.486	0.529	0.204-1.374	0.529
	Residence	Urban; Rural	0.363; 0^b	0.605	1.438	0.440-4.705	0.548
	Income	Low; Middle; High	-2.154; -1.813; 0^b	0.760; 0.665	0.116; 0.163	0.026-0.514; 0.044-0.600	0.005; 0.006
	Exercise level	None; Often; Maybe	-0.537; -0.265; 0^b	0.508; 0.468	0.585; 0.768	0.216-1.583; 0.307-1.920	0.585; 0.768
	Alcohol intake	No; Yes	1.842; 0^b	0.888	6.312	1.108-35.949	0.038
	Type of breastfeeding	Nonexclusive; Exclusive	-0.242; 0^b	0.425	0.785	0.342-1.805	0.569
	Duration of lactation	>6 months; <6 months	-0.880; 0^b	0.467	0.415	0.166-1.037	0.060
	Delivery outcome	Twin; Singleton	-0.743; 0^b	0.739	0.476	0.112-2.023	0.314
	Parity	Uniparous; Multiparous	0.014; 0^b	0.400	0.986	0.450-2.160	0.973
Hypertriglycerides	Age		0.004	0.044	1.004	0.922-1.093	0.930
	Religion	Muslim; Christianity	0.400; 0^b	0.763	1.492	0.335-6.657	0.600
	Educational status	Educated; Noneducated	0.393; 0^b	0.798	0.622	0.310-7.075	0.622
	Occupation	Employed; Unemployed	1.003; 0^b	0.714	1.482	0.673-11.055	0.160
	Residence	Urban; Rural	0.280; 0^b	0.796	1.324	0.278-6.296	0.725
	Income	Low; Middle; High	0.906; -0.906; 0^b	1.093; 1.019	2.475; 0.403	0.291-21.079; 0.055-2.968	0.407; 0.372
	Exercise level	None; Often; Maybe	0.206; -0.562; 0^b	0.722; 0.707	1.228; 0.570	0.298-5.057; 0.143-2.2279	0.776; 0.427
	Alcohol intake	No; Yes
	Type of breastfeeding	Nonexclusive; Exclusive	0.703; 0^b	0.591	2.019	0.634-5.428	0.234
	Duration of lactation	>6 months; <6 months	0.995; 0^b	0.582	2.704	0.865-8.458	0.087
	Delivery outcome	Twin; Singleton	-0.064; 0^b	1.167	0.938	0.095-9.237	0.956
	Parity	Uniparous; Multiparous	0.533; 0^b	0.593	1.704	0.533-5.445	0.369

is analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analyses and considered significant at <0.05 (2-tailed). The reference category is normal. ^bParameter considered redundant and set to zero. : regression coefficient; ExpB: exponentiation of B, which is the same as AOR; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. The values in bold means the analysis were statistically significant.