Evidence That Sleep Is an Indicator of Overtraining during the Competition Phase of Adolescent Sprinters

Table 2

Mean ± SD and between-group effects as mean difference (95% confidence interval) for training parameters of participants according to training phases.

Variables	T1	T2	T3	T4	Total between-group effects, MG-AG (95% CI)
Weekly no. TD	5.3 ± 0.7	5.4 ± 0.6	5.1 ± 0.4	4.8 ± 0.7^b
MG	5.1 ± 0.7	5.4 ± 0.5	5.0 ± 0.4	5.0 ± 0.0	−0.03 (−0.3, 0.5)†
AG	5.4 ± 0.7	5.4 ± 0.6	5.2 ± 0.4	4.5 ± 0.9
Weekly TV	12.2 ± 1.8	12.1 ± 1.8	10.5 ± 4.0	6.7 ± 1.9^abc
MG	12.0 ± 1.9	12.5 ± 1.3	11.2 ± 3.9	8.5 ± 7.7‡	1.1 (−0.3, 2.4)†
AG	12.3 ± 1.8	11.9 ± 2.0	10.1 ± 4.2	5.7 ± 1.1
Internal TL	3003.7 ± 764.9	3995.0 ± 1443.0^a	3928.8 ± 2332.6^a	2960.0 ± 1471.9
MG	2739.1 ± 635.1	3997.1 ± 472.8	4165.0 ± 2869.7	3897.9 ± 1500.3‡	350.7 (−706.8, 1408.1)†
AG	3146.8 ± 813.53	3993.8 ± 1784.7	3801.5 ± 2108.9	2455.0 ± 1231.0
ACWR	1.0 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.2
MG	0.9 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.2	0.01 (−0.01, 0.03)
AG	1.0 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.2

^†Significant time effect (repeated measure ANOVA, ). ^‡Significant group difference (independent t-test, ). ^aSignificantly different from T1. ^bSignificantly different from T2. ^cSignificantly different from T3. No. TD: number of training days; TV: training volume in hours; TL: training load in arbitrary unit; ACWR: acute chronic work ratio; MG: maladapted group; AG: adapted group.