Robot-Assisted Hybrid Esophagectomy Is Associated with a Shorter Length of Stay Compared to Conventional Transthoracic Esophagectomy: A Retrospective Study

Table 1

Clavien-Dindo classification of postoperative complications.

Grade I	Any deviation from the normal postoperative course without the need for pharmacological treatment or surgical, endoscopic, and radiological interventions. Allowed therapeutic regimens are drugs as antiemetics, antipyretics, analgetics, diuretics, electrolytes, and physiotherapy. This grade also includes wound infections opened at the bedside.
Grade II	Requiring pharmacological treatment with drugs other than such allowed for grade I complications. Blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition are also included.
Grade III	Requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiological intervention.
(i) IIIa	Intervention not under general anesthesia.
(ii) IIIb	Intervention under general anesthesia
Grade IV	Life-threatening complications (including CNS complications) requiring IC/ICU management.
(i) IVa	Single organ dysfunction (including dialysis).
(ii) IVb	Multiorgan dysfunction.
Grade V	Death of the patient.