Research Article

A Mathematical Optimization Model for the Pharmaceutical Waste Location-Routing Problem Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 4

Problem parameters.

ParametersUnitParameter distribution

Coverage radius of collection centerskm1U (15, 80)
Distance between collection points and pharmacies or hospitalskmU (1, 20)
Distance between a pharmacy or hospital and another pharmacy or hospitalkmU (0.1, 2)
A vast number100,000
The capacity of disposal and recycling centerskg2U (20, 60)
Percentage of pharmaceutical waste that is disposedU (0.5, 1)
Number of vehicles used for the collection of pharmaceutical wasteRound (U (1, 4))
Number of vehicles used for disposing of pharmaceutical wasteRound (U (1, 4))
Cost of disposing and recyclingMt3U (0.0001, 0.0004)
The variable cost of the vehicle per unit of distance in a tour between collection centers and pharmacies, and hospitalsMtU (0.01, 0.02)
Fixed cost of transportation in a tour between collection centers and pharmacies, and hospitalsMtU (7, 18)
The demand for pharmacies and hospitalskgRound (U (30, 60))
The capacity of vehicle kkgU (100, 150)
The capacity of collection centerskgU (200, 300)
Capacity of distributorskgU (200, 400)
Cost of construction of collection pointsMtU (100, 300)
Cost per unit of carbon dioxide consumptionMtU (3, 7)
Amount of carbon dioxide that vehicles consume in the tour between collection centers and pharmacies, and hospitals per unit distance and each unit of weightkgU (0.2, 1)
Amount of carbon dioxide that vehicles consume in the tour between collection centers and recycling and disposal centers, and airports per unit distance and each unit of weightkgU (0.1, 0.99)
Distance between collection points and disposal and recycling pointskmU (30, 100)
Distance between disposal and recycling centerskmU (30, 100)
The variable cost of the vehicle per unit of distance in a tour between collection centers and recycling and disposal centersMtU (0.1, 0.4)
Fixed cost of transportation in a tour between collection centers and recovery centersMtU (10, 30)
Distance between airport f and collection center rkmU (200, 245)
Transportation cost between collection points and airportsMtU (20, 30)
Existing amount of pharmaceutical waste in pharmacies and hospitalskgdemi = (l, m, u)
l∼U (1, 2)
m∼U (3, 4)
u∼U (5, 7)

1Kilometer, 2Kilogram, 3Million toman (currency of Iran).