Medical Record Review to Differentiate between Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonism: A Danish Record Linkage Study with 10 Years of Follow-Up
Table 2
PD related symptoms reported in medical records among idiopathic and non-IPD cases at onset and during follow-up.
Symptom
Any time
Before/at time of diagnosis
≤1 year after diagnosis
>1–5 years after diagnosis
>5–10 years after diagnosis
≥10 years after diagnosis
%
%
%
%
%
%
IPD (,068)
Tremor
1750
84.6
1250
60.4
145
7.0
217
10.5
78
3.8
58
2.8
Rigidity
1977
95.6
1121
54.2
231
11.2
359
17.4
155
7.5
105
5.1
Bradykinesia
1932
93.4
1090
52.7
221
10.7
359
17.4
158
7.6
100
4.8
Postural instability
674
32.6
188
9.1
48
2.3
180
8.7
123
5.9
133
6.4
Freezing phenomena
127
6.1
16
0.8
2
0.1
33
1.6
39
1.9
37
1.8
Falls
55
2.7
24
1.2
12
0.6
15
0.7
3
0.1
1
0.0
Hallucinations unrelated to medication
12
0.6
1
0.0
0
0.0
4
0.2
1
0.0
6
0.3
Severe autonomic dysfunction
159
7.7
33
1.6
15
0.7
43
2.1
38
1.8
30
1.5
Dementia
223
10.8
22
1.1
16
0.8
77
3.7
52
2.5
55
2.7
First PD medication used
2052
99.2
1149
55.6
372
18.0
371
17.9
93
4.5
52
2.5
Non-IPD Parkinsonism ()
Tremor
241
63.8
204
54.0
17
4.5
13
3.4
5
1.3
1
0.3
Rigidity
282
74.6
196
51.9
25
6.6
45
11.9
14
3.7
2
0.5
Bradykinesia
259
68.5
173
45.8
33
8.7
38
10.1
11
2.9
4
1.1
Postural instability
166
43.9
92
24.3
26
6.9
40
10.6
8
2.1
0
0.0
Freezing phenomena
25
6.6
8
2.1
0
0.0
14
3.7
3
0.8
0
0.0
Falls
75
19.8
45
11.9
14
3.7
14
3.7
2
0.5
0
0.0
Hallucinations unrelated to medication
34
9.0
15
4.0
5
1.3
8
2.1
5
1.3
1
0.3
Severe autonomic dysfunction
83
22.0
35
9.3
7
1.9
31
8.2
10
2.6
0
0.0
Dementia
100
26.5
42
11.1
11
2.9
30
7.9
15
4.0
2
0.5
First PD medication used
300
79.4
203
53.7
41
10.8
42
11.1
8
2.1
1
0.3
Missing onset dates: tremor 2/1750; rigidity 6/1977; bradykinesia 4/1932; postural instability 2/674; dementia 1/223; first PD medication use 15/2052; first antidepressants use 120/2068. Missing onset dates: tremor 1/241; first PD medication use 5/300; first antidepressant use 33/378. A total of 823 IPD cases ever took antidepressants (153 (7.4%) before and 550 (26.6%) after first PD symptoms occurred). For 1,826 (88.3%) asymmetrical onset was reported. A total of 172 non-IPD cases ever took antidepressants (50 (13.2%) before and 89 (23.5%) after first PD symptoms occurred). For 243 (64.3%) non-IPD cases asymmetrical onset was reported.
