Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for the DSM-5 of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Female Adolescents: Diagnostic and Clinical Correlates

Table 4

Means, standard deviations (SDs), and effect sizes (Cohen’s 𝑑) of the FASM, in adolescents with NSSI (NSSI disorder) and adolescents with NSSI without impairment/distress (NSSI-C).

FASM item	NSSI disorder; (𝑛=33); M (SD)	NSSI-C; (𝑛=12); M (SD)	𝐹(1,41)	Cohen’s 𝑑
No. of methods used	5.42 (2.18)	4.12 (2.00)	3.03	0.62
Pain^a	3.18 (0.98)	2.91 (0.70)	0.72	0.32
Medical treatment by medical staff	No. 4 (12.1%)	No. 1 (8.3%)	𝜒^2=0.11
Age of onset (years)	13.05 (1.73)	13.00 (2.41)	0.01	0.02
Function			𝐹(4,38)=1.58
Automatic negative reinforcement	2.43 (0.84)	1.54 (0.81)	4.73*	1.08
Automatic positive reinforcement	2.08 (0.71)	1.33 (0.51)	6.41*	1.21
Social negative reinforcement	0.42 (0.48)	0.27 (0.34)	0.95	0.36
Social positive reinforcement	0.58 (0.37)	0.64 (0.58)	0.20	0.06

Note. ^aOn a scale from 4 (no pain) to 1 (severe pain); *𝑝<.05.